ANDROECIUM

Question 1

The long and slender stalk of stamen is _________

Answer 1

Filament

Question 2

How many lobes does anther generally have ?

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Proximal end of filament attached to __________ or __________

Answer 3

Thalamus , petal

Question 4

What 4 characteristics of stamen are variable in flowers of diff. species?

Answer 4

Number , length
shape,attachment of anther

Question 5

Anther has 2 theca. True or false

Answer 5

False

each lobe has 2 theca (dithecous)

Question 6

Often a horizontal groove runs lengthwise separating the theca. True or false

Answer 6

False

Longitudinal

Question 7

Anther is a four sided str. What is such a structure called?

Answer 7

Tetragonal

Question 8

How many microsporangia does anther have ?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

Microsporangia develop into __________

Answer 9

Pollen sacs

Question 10

Pollen sacs extend ________ in anther

horizonatally/longi.

Answer 10

longitudinally

Question 11

What do pollen sacs contain ?

Answer 11

Pollen grains

Question 12

In transverse section, outline of microsporangium resembles which shape?

Answer 12

Circle

Question 13

What are the walls that surround microsporangium?

Answer 13

Epidermis , endothecium, middle layers, tapetum

outer to inner

Question 14

What are the functions of outer three layers of microsporangium?

2

Answer 14

1) protection
2) help in dehiscence to release pollen

Question 15

What is the function of tapetum ?

Answer 15

Nourishes the developing pollen grains

Question 16

List 2 characters of tapetum cells?

Answer 16

1) Dense cytoplasm
2) More than one nucleus

Question 17

What occupies the centre of microsporangium of young anther?

Answer 17

Sporogenous tissue

Question 18

sporogenous tissue is a group of loosely arranged heterogenous cells. True or false

Answer 18

False

compactly , homogenous

Question 19

Cells of sporogenous tissues go under meiosis to form ___________

Answer 19

microspore tetrad

Question 20

All cells of sporogenous tissues are capable of giving rise to microspore tetrad. True or false

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Cells capable of giving rise to microspore tetrad are called _________

Answer 21

Microspore mother cell/ Pollen mother cell

Question 22

The process of formation of microspores

Answer 22

Microsporogenesis

Question 23

What 2 conditions are required for microspores to dissociate from each other and develop into pollen grains ?

Answer 23

Mature , dehydrated

Question 24

Describe the pollen grains released from opened anthers of Hibiscus

2 characters

Answer 24

Yellowish , powdery

Question 25

Pollen grains of different species are completely similar. | True or false

Answer 25

False | variety in sizes,shapes,colours,designs

Question 26

Pollen grains are generally spherical. What is their diameter?

Answer 26

25-50 micrometers.

Question 27

What is the hard outer layer of pollen grain wall called?

Answer 27

Exine

Question 28

Which layer of pollen grain shows array of designs and patterns?

Answer 28

Exine

Question 29

Which substance is Exine made of?

Answer 29

Sporopollenin

Question 30

What are the characters of sporopollenin

Answer 30

1. temp. resistant 2. strong acids, alkali resistant 3. Cannot be degraded by enzymes

Question 31

Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils due to the presence of __________

Answer 31

Sporopollenin

Question 32

Prominent apertures in Exine are called __________

Answer 32

Germ pore

Question 33

Function of germ pore

Answer 33

Emergence of pollen tube

Question 34

Do germ pores lack sporopollenin? | yes/no

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

Inner wall of pollen grain is called______

Answer 35

Intine

Question 36

Is intine thick or thin?

Answer 36

Thin

Question 37

Intine is a discontinuous layer. | True or false

Answer 37

False | Continuous

Question 38

Intine is made up of

Answer 38

Cellulose and pectin

Question 39

How many cells does a mature pollen grain contain?

Answer 39

2 | Vegetative, generative

Question 40

Describe 3 characters of vegetative cell

Answer 40

1. bigger 2. abundant food reserve 3. large irregularly shaped nucleus

Question 41

List 4 characters of generative cell

Answer 41

1. Small 2. Floats in cytoplasm of vegetative cell 3. spindle shaped 4. dense cytoplasm

Question 42

In over ________ percent of angiosperms , pollen grains are shed at the 2-celled stage

Answer 42

60

Question 43

In rest of angiosperms , the generative cell divides meiotically to give rise to 2 male gametes before pollen grains are shed ( 3-celled stage) | True/false

Answer 43

False | mitotically

Question 44

Chronic respiratory disorders caused by pollen grains | 2 examples

Answer 44

Asthma, bronchitis

Question 45

Example of plant which causes pollen allergy

Answer 45

Parthenium or carrot grass

Question 46

How did Parthenium enter India ?

Answer 46

As a contaminant with imported wheat , then became ubiquitous

Question 47

Are pollen grains lacking nutrients? | Yes/No

Answer 47

No | rich in nutrients

Question 48

Pollen products like syrups and tablets were used as food supplements in eastern countries in ancient times. | True/False

Answer 48

False | Western, are being used in recent times.

Question 49

What does pollen consumption help in?

Answer 49

Increases performance of athletes and race horses.

Question 50

Pollen grains have to land on stigma after they lose their viability to bring about fertilisation. | True/False

Answer 50

False | before

Question 51

What two factors does the viability of pollen grain depend on?

Answer 51

Prevailing temp. , humidity

Question 52

In how much time do the pollen grains of rice and wheat lose their viability?

Answer 52

30 mins

Question 53

What is the viable time period of Rosaceae, leguminoseae, solanaceae?

Answer 53

few months

Question 54

Pollen grains can be stored for years using ____________ at __________(temp.)

Answer 54

Liq. nitrogen at -196 degree celsius

Question 55

Stored pollen can be used as________ in crop breeding programmes.

Answer 55

Pollen banks