Anemia

Question 1

Pallor, fatigue, loss of exercise tolerance

Answer 1

Fe Deficiency

Question 2

Fever, arthralgias, arthritis, fatigue, infection: pain, cough, swelling

Answer 2

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Question 3

Personality changes, irritability, weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss

Answer 3

Lead Intoxication

Question 4

Anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, hyperbilirubinemia as neonates, can lead to aplastic crisis and biliary stones

Answer 4

HS

Question 5

Splenomegaly, expanded bone marrow, delayed growth and development, endocrinopathies, pulmonary hypertension

Answer 5

Thalassemia

Question 6

Neurologic deficits, slow onset, smooth, sore tongue

Answer 6

B12 Deficiency

Question 7

smooth, sore tongue, rapid onset

Answer 7

Folate Deficiency

Question 8

Acute hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, variable degrees of anemia

Answer 8

G6PD Deficiency

Question 9

AIHA is characterized by the acute or chronic onset of anemia, pallor, jaundice, and dark urine. Splenomegaly may occur. Positive DAT test.

Answer 9

AIHA

Question 10

Patients present with variable chronic anemia, hemolysis, splenomegaly, gallstones, and aplastic crises

Answer 10

PK Deficiency

Question 11

Vessel damage leading to multi-organ damage (lungs, retina, spleen, kidney, CNS), priaplasm, and aplastic crisis

Answer 11

HbS

Question 12

Prolonged bleeding time, fatigue, pallor, decreased exercise tolerance, dyspnea, tachypnea

Answer 12

Renal Dysfunction

Question 13

Thyroid: Hyper or hypactivity, weight gain or loss, skin, hair nail changes, Adrenal: vomiting dehydration weakness, circulatory collapse

Answer 13

Endocrine Related

Question 14

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Retic, Serum Fe, Transferrin, Ferritin
High: RDW, TIBC

Answer 14

Fe Deficiency

Question 15

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV (can be), Retic, Serum Fe, Transferrin, TIBC
Very High: Ferritin (RDW can be)

Answer 15

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Question 16

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Retic,
High: RDW

Answer 16

Lead Intoxication

Question 17

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Haptoglobin, MCHC
Normal: RDW
High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH,

Answer 17

Thalassemia

Question 18

Low: MCV and Haptoglobin
High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH, MCHC

Answer 18

HS

Question 19

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, Retic, B12 (S),
High: MCV, RDW, Homocys, MA

Answer 19

B12 Deficiency

Question 20

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, Retic, Folate
Normal: MA
High: MCV, RDW, Homocys

Answer 20

Folate Deficiency

Question 21

High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH, MCHC
Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, Hct, MCH

Answer 21

AIHA

Question 22

High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH
Low: Haptoglobin

Answer 22

G6PD Deficiency

Question 23

Difference between warm and cold AIHA

Answer 23

Cold: igM binds RBCs in periphery, activates complement, releases cell in central, IV hemolysis. Warm: IgG binds RBC and incites splenic macrophage to phagocytose, EV hemolysis

Question 24

High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH
Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCHC

Answer 24

PK Deficiency

Question 25

High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, MCH

Answer 25

HbS

Question 26

Low: Retic

Answer 26

Renal Dysfunction

Question 27

Low: Both Retic

Answer 27

Endocrine related

Question 28

Low: MCV, TIBC

Answer 28

Sideroblastic

Question 29

Iron supplements

Answer 29

Fe Deficiency

Question 30

Treat underlying disease and comorbid conditions. Can give EPO in some cases.

Answer 30

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Question 31

Chelation therapy, remove source of lead

Answer 31

Lead Intoxication

Question 32

Supportive care for chronic anemia and splenectomy

Answer 32

HS

Question 33

Transfusions + chelation if severe, hydroxyurea, bone marrow transplantation,

Answer 33

Thalassemia

Question 34

Intramuscular or subcutaneous injections of B12, oral replacenment of B12. Check for correction of levels

Answer 34

B12 Deficiency

Question 35

Folate (? maybe?) 1 mg/day orally or parenterally

Answer 35

Folate Deficiency

Question 36

Avoid oxidant drugs, certain foods, supportive care, folate

Answer 36

G6PD Deficiency

Question 37

Identify and treat underlying disorder

Answer 37

AIHA

Question 38

supportive care, transfusions for severe anemia, splenectomy, folate

Answer 38

PK Deficiency

Question 39

Bone marrow transplant with matching sibling, transfusions can decrease pain crisis

Answer 39

HbS

Question 40

Give EPO, treat comorbid conditions

Answer 40

Renal Dysfunction

Question 41

Hormone replacement

Answer 41

Endocrine Related

Question 42

Menstrual loss, bleeding, dietary intake, absorbtion issues, cancer, pregnancy

Answer 42

Fe Deficiency

Question 43

Underlying disease: chronic inflamation, alcoholism, malignancy

Answer 43

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Question 44

Exposure to lead including eating paint chips

Answer 44

Lead Intoxication

Question 45

Mutated proteins cause weakened membrane (spectrin, ank, band 3) and spherocyte formation

Answer 45

HS

Question 46

Different hemoglobin chains present than normal- Autosomal recessive disorders

Answer 46

Thalassemia

Question 47

Vegan diet, pernicious anemia (autoimmune destruction of IF cells), failure to produce IF, malabsorbtion, defective transport or storage, metabolic pathway deficits

Answer 47

B12 Deficiency

Question 48

Alcoholism, overcooking food, malabsorbtion, inadequate intake, parasitic infection, pregnancy

Answer 48

Folate Deficiency

Question 49

X-linked recessive enzyme deficiency, triggered by lots of foods (fava beans) and chemicals

Answer 49

G6PD Deficiency

Question 50

Infection, malignancy, autoimmune, drug induced

Answer 50

AIHA

Question 51

Second most common enzyme deficiency

Answer 51

PK Deficiency

Question 52

Genetic mutation causing a Glu->Val transformation on hemoglobin leading to sickled RBC's and hemolysis

Answer 52

HbS

Question 53

Hyper, hypo thyroidism, adrenal insufficiency

Answer 53

Endocrine Related

Question 54

Chronic alcoholism, B6 deficiency, Lead poisining, X linked recessive

Answer 54

Sideroblastic