Anemia = Iron Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is Anemia
A blood condition with low red blood cells or hemoglobin.
Leads to reduced oxygen delivery to cells.
Common symptoms: Fatigue, weakness, paleness.
Often caused by lack of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid
What is Function of Red Blood Cells
Made in bone marrow.
Contain hemoglobin to carry O₂ to the body and CO₂ to lungs.
Low RBCs = Anemia = Less oxygen delivered to tissues.
Role of Vitamin B12
Vital for the production of healthy red blood cells.
B12 deficiency can lead to anemia and nerve damage.
Anemia Symptoms
Pale skin
Fatigue
Weakness
Tingling or numbness
Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
Heart palpitations
Spina Bifida
A birth defect: spinal cord doesn’t close properly.
Linked to folic acid deficiency in pregnancy.
Signs of Spina Bifida and treatment
Signs: Tuft of hair or birthmark on spine
Treated with surgery
Nutrients Involved in Preventing Anemia
Iron – needed for hemoglobin.
Vitamin B12 & Folic acid – for RBC production.
Copper & Protein – support red blood cell health.
Vitamin C – enhances iron absorption
Haem Iron Sources (Animal-Based)
Red meat
Liver & offal
Eggs
Poultry
Fish
Non-Haem Iron Sources (Plant-Based)
Whole grain cereals
Legumes
Green leafy vegetables
Dried fruits
What Blocks Iron Absorption?
Phytates – in legumes
Tannins – in tea, coffee, sodas
Calcium – competes with iron
Oxalates – in leafy greens
Long-Term Effects of Anemia
Heart and brain damage
Leg pain
Severe cases may lead to death
Who is at Risk for Anemia?
Young children (rapid growth)
Pregnant women (low iron/folate)
Vegetarians (low B12/iron)
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Smokers
People with HIV/AIDS
Anemia Treatments
Iron, B12, folate supplements
Balanced diet
Severe cases: Blood transfusions
