Anesthesia quiz

Question 1

What is MAC for iso vs sevo?

Answer 1

Iso 1.28-1.63

Sevo 2.1-2.58

Question 2

Which volatile gas has a higher solubility? What does that mean?

Answer 2

Iso 1.4 (vs sevo 0.6) - this means that iso favors being in the blood which delays increase of partial pressures in the brain

Question 3

What are the cardio effects of gas ax (3 things)?

Answer 3

1. DEPRESS cardiac function (decrease CO, art BP, GFR, and increases PPCo2)
2. Decrease contractility
3. Vasodilation

Question 4

What is your most common vaporizer setting to start ax?

Answer 4

2% then decrease

Question 5

What does MAC mean?

Answer 5

Mean alveolar concentration (the potency of the drug)

Question 6

What decreases MAC? (10 things!)

Answer 6

1. Acidosis (severe)
2. Hypothermia
3. Pregnancy
4. Older age
5. Pre-meds (ACE reduces by 40%)
6. Induction agents
7. Local Ax
8. Severe anemia
9. Hypoxemia
10. Sepsis

Question 7

What increases MAC? (2 things)

Answer 7

1. Hyperthermia

2. Hypernatremia

Question 8

What are the main effects (2) of opioids?

Answer 8

Analgesia, increased sedation

Question 9

What are the side effects (5) of opioids?

Answer 9

1. Emesis (morphine, hydro)
2. Bradycardia
3. Hypothermia
4. Respiratory depression
5. Histamine release (morphine, meperidine)

Question 10

What drugs are the full mu opioids (5)?

Answer 10

Morphine, meperidine, methadone, hydromorphone, fentanyl

Question 11

What drugs is the partial mu opioid?

Answer 11

Buprenorphine

Question 12

What is the agonist-antagonist opioid? How is it different than the others?

Answer 12

Butorphanol - synthetic, less resp depression

Question 13

What are the main effects of acepromazine (2)?

Answer 13

Mild to mod sedation, tranquilization

Question 14

What are other good effects of ace (3)?

Answer 14

1. Antiemetic
2. Antispasmodic
3. Weak antihistamine properties

Question 15

What is the onset of action of ace?

Answer 15

30-60mins

Question 16

What is a special thing about Acepromazine (with MAC)?

Answer 16

Decreases MAC by 40%

Question 17

What are the side effects of acepromazine (7)?

Answer 17

1. Hypotension
2. Hypothermia
3. Bradycardia
4. Adrenaline reversal
5. Vasodilation
6. Splenic enlargement
7. Priapism and penile paralysis (horses)

Question 18

What are the 5 effects of alpha 2 agonists?

Answer 18

1. Analgesia
2. Sedation
3. Muscle relaxation
4. Anxiolytic
5. Reduce inhalant

Question 19

What are the 3 major side effects of alpha 2 agonists?

Answer 19

1. HYPOTENSION
2. Decrease CO
3. Bradycardia

Question 20

What is the most common alpha 2 we use in small animal?

Answer 20

Dexmedetomidine (more potent and effective)

Question 21

What is special about xylazine (receptors)?

Answer 21

Mixed alpha 1 and 2

Question 22

What are some effects (4) of benzodiazepines?

Answer 22

1. Anxiolytic
2. Hypnotic
3. Anticonvulsants
4. Decrease post op restlessness