animal

Question 1

Vertebrates /ˈvɜːrtᵻbrᵻts/ comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata /-ɑː/. Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, with currently about 64,000 species described.

Answer 1

Vertebrates

Question 2

Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column, derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata

Answer 2

Invertebrates

Question 3

(kən-s ‘mər) A heterotrophic organism that feeds on other organisms in a food chain. ◇ Herbivores that feed on green plants and detritivores that feed on decaying matter are called primary consumers.

Answer 3

Consumer

Question 4

A noncancerous lump, often on the tendons or joints of wrists and hands.

Answer 4

Ganglion

Question 5

The gastrointestinal tract, also known as the gut or alimentary canal, is a tube by which bilaterian animals (including humans) transfer food to the digestion organs.

Answer 5

Gut

Question 6

(/ˈsiːləm/ SEE-ləm, plural coeloms or coelomata /siːˈloʊmətə/ see-LOH-mə-tə) (Greek koilōma, hollow, cavity) refers to the main body cavity in most multicellular animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs.

Answer 6

Coelom

Question 7

arrangement of an organism or part of an organism along a central axis, so that the organism or part can be divided into two equal halves. Bilateral symmetry is a characteristic of animals that are capable of moving freely through their environments. Compare radial symmetry.

Answer 7

Bilateral Symmetry

Question 8

arrangement of parts of an organism around a single main axis, so that the organism can be divided into similar halves by any plane that contains the main axis. The body plans of echinoderms, ctenophores, cnidarians, and many sponges and sea anemones show radial symmetry. Compare bilateral symmetry.

Answer 8

Radial Symmetry

Question 9

lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

Answer 9

Asymmetry

Question 10

Sponges are animals of the phylum Porifera. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells.

Answer 10

Sponges

Question 11

Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic environments: they are predominantly marine species. Their distinguishing feature is cnidocytes, specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey

Answer 11

Cnidarians

Question 12

The flatworms, or Platyhelminthes, Plathelminthes, or platyhelminths are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates

Answer 12

Flatworms

Question 13

The nematodes /ˈnɛmətoʊdz/ or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a very broad range of environments

Answer 13

Roundworms

Question 14

The molluscs or mollusks /ˈmɒləsks/ compose the large phylum of invertebrate animals known as the Mollusca. Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized.

Answer 14

Mollusks

Question 15

(evolved in crustaceans, insects, mollusks and other invertebrates) pump blood into a hemocoel with the blood diffusing back to the circulatory system between cells. Blood is pumped by a heart into the body cavities, where tissues are surrounded by the blood.

Answer 15

Open circulatory system

Question 16

Vertebrates, and a few invertebrates, have a closed circulatory system. Closed circulatory systems have the blood closed at all times within vessels of different size and wall thickness. In this type of system, blood is pumped by a heart through vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities.

Answer 16

Closed circulatory system

Question 17

The annelids, also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 17,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.

Answer 17

Annelid worms

Question 18

each of the parts into which something is or may be divided.

Answer 18

Segment

Question 19

An exoskeleton (from Greek έξω, éxō “outer” and σκελετός, skeletos “skeleton”) is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal’s body, in contrast to the internal skeleton (endoskeleton) of, for example, a human. In usage, some of the larger kinds of exoskeletons are known as “shells”.

Answer 19

Exoskeleton

Question 20

an eye consisting of an array of numerous small visual units, as found in insects and crustaceans.

Answer 20

Compound eye

Question 21

either of a pair of long, thin sensory appendages on the heads of insects, crustaceans, and some other arthropods

Answer 21

Antenna

Question 22

Metamorphosis includes, in insects, the transformation of a maggot into an adult fly and a caterpillar into a butterfly and, in amphibians, the changing of a tadpole into a frog. A usually degenerative pathological change in the structure of a particular body tissue.

Answer 22

Metamorphosis

Question 23

an internal skeleton, such as the bony or cartilaginous skeleton of vertebrates.

Answer 23

Endoskeleton

Question 24

The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as sea stars and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration. The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet.

Answer 24

Water vascular system