Animal and Human Safety Flashcards
In a million people, how many will die from auto accidents?
220
In a million people, how many will die from drowning?
38
In a million people, how many will die from fire-related?
29
In a million people, how many will die from lightning?
0.60
In a million people, how many will die from botulism?
0.02
In a million people, how many will die from salmonellosis?
0.01
Whats the point of the prior death statistics?
The risks of dying from a food-born illness is very rare.
You have three times as more likely to get struck by lightning.
While the deaths of food born illness is rare, why does the US take all of it so serious?
The US has a goal of no one ever dying from food produced in the US.
What are three categories of food safety hazards?
Microbial contamination
Naturally occurring toxicants
Environmental contaminants. (Production drugs)
In the category of food safety hazards, What are some microbial contaminates?
Molds, Viruses, Bacteria, yeasts and parasites.
What is the most common why that microbial contamination happens in food?
Most situations arise from improper handling of food in the home or restaurant.
When do most microbial contamination incidences happen?
Most from improper preparation right before eating!
How often does microbial contamination result from food manufacturing defects?
Very very rarely!
Less than 3%
Of the 3%, are most food manufacturing defects that result in microbial contamination plants or meat?
Plants! Almost all of them
Why is it so rare for their to be factory errors in meat?
Animals have a very very rigid inspection process.
In the category of food safety hazards, What are some examples of naturally occurring toxicants?
Plants that are toxic to animals, animals that are toxic to animals
What is considered the most common naturally occuring toxicant that affects humans?
Blowfish
What is more common in naturally occurring toxicants, plants being posionous or animals being poisonous?
Very few sitiations where animals are toxic to toher animals that consume them.
Plants being toxic are much more common.
What is a recent toxicity threat?
BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)
Where do we think BSE originated?
first discovered in dairy cattle in canada.
SOme information about the spread of Bovine Spongiform Ecephalopathy and its threat to humans?
No scientific evidence that it can be transmitted to humans
WHat has the USDA done about BSE?
The USDA has taken steps to precent its entry into the US>
In the category of food safety hazards, What are some examples of enviromental contaminants?
Hormones, pesticides, and other additives.
How does the US handle Enviromental contaminants?
There is an excellent inspection and monitoring system in place in the US.
What does the US moitoring system do?
Ensures that animal products with residues do not ever make it into the market place.
Who approves of pharmaceuticales used in animal production?
FDA,
How does the FDA decide if pharmaceuticals are safe in the animals?
They preform target animal safety study investigates residue effects.
How much of the pharmaceiticals are used in the animal safety study?
Normally about 10 to 20 times the practical level of usage.
WHat must the FDA also research before they can approve a drug in food animals?
They also must do an environmental study to make sure the animal waste doesnt affect the environment.
Who inspects primary site of harvest as well as retail and wholesale outlets?
The federal and State inspection services.
What happens if someone is found in violation of the federal and state insepection services?
Fines are severe.
What is zoonosis?
Diseases common in animals that can also affect humans.
