Animal Care & Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main reasons for IV Catheter Placements?

A

Sx
Critically Ill
Medical administration
Fluid administration

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2
Q

What are the main types of catheters?

A
  • Through the needle (Common in Emergency): Placed in jugular vessels or PICC lines.
  • Over the needle (Common in general practice) : Places in peripheral vessels.
  • Butterfly Catheters: short term use in animals that are not as active. (Cats- back leg)
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3
Q

Catheter sizes:

A

Ye) 24g: smallest size (neonates)
Blu) 22g: typically used small dogs and cats
Pink) 20g: used in med dogs and some cats
Grn) 18g: used in lrg dogs and aome critically ill cats.
Purple) 16g: used in giant breed dogs and lrg breed dogs who are critically ill.
Org) 14g: used in lrg animal

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4
Q

Complications of IV Fluids:

A

Swelling
Heat
Redness
- All could be caused by phlebitis or thrombophlebitis

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5
Q

How often should IV Catheters be Unwrapped, cleaned & rewrapped?

A

Every 24 hours

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6
Q

How often should the IV Catheters be replaced?

A

As long as the catheter site doesn’t appear to look infected or painful, it can be left for up to 7 days

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7
Q

What is it called when there is swelling above the catheter?

A

Perivascular Fluid

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8
Q

What is phlebitis?

A

Inflammation of the blood vessel.

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9
Q

What is thrombophlebitis?

A

Inflammation w/ a blood clot involved

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10
Q

The body is made up of how much percent of water?

A

60% water

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11
Q

Intracellular Fluid makes up:

A

2/3 TBW

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12
Q

Extracellular Fluid Makes up:

A

1/3 TBW
- is then divided into:
Interstitial 3/4 fluid
Intravascular 1/4 fluid.

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13
Q

What is the circulating Blood Volume in dog, cats, horses:

A

Dog: 80-90 ml/kg
Cat: 40-60 ml/kg
Horses: 80 ml/kg

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14
Q

Fluid types:

A

Crystalloids:
Hypotonic (sodium chloride <0.9%
Isotonic (similar to 0.9% SC)
Hypertonic (SC > 0.9%)

Ex. LRS, Plasmalyte-M, Normosol-R

Colloids:
Natural (blood, plasma, platelets)
Synthetic (hetastarch, vetastarch)

Ex. Vetastarch, Hetastarch, Dextran, Oxyglobin

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