Animal Care & Nursing Flashcards
What are the main reasons for IV Catheter Placements?
Sx
Critically Ill
Medical administration
Fluid administration
What are the main types of catheters?
- Through the needle (Common in Emergency): Placed in jugular vessels or PICC lines.
- Over the needle (Common in general practice) : Places in peripheral vessels.
- Butterfly Catheters: short term use in animals that are not as active. (Cats- back leg)
Catheter sizes:
Ye) 24g: smallest size (neonates)
Blu) 22g: typically used small dogs and cats
Pink) 20g: used in med dogs and some cats
Grn) 18g: used in lrg dogs and aome critically ill cats.
Purple) 16g: used in giant breed dogs and lrg breed dogs who are critically ill.
Org) 14g: used in lrg animal
Complications of IV Fluids:
Swelling
Heat
Redness
- All could be caused by phlebitis or thrombophlebitis
How often should IV Catheters be Unwrapped, cleaned & rewrapped?
Every 24 hours
How often should the IV Catheters be replaced?
As long as the catheter site doesn’t appear to look infected or painful, it can be left for up to 7 days
What is it called when there is swelling above the catheter?
Perivascular Fluid
What is phlebitis?
Inflammation of the blood vessel.
What is thrombophlebitis?
Inflammation w/ a blood clot involved
The body is made up of how much percent of water?
60% water
Intracellular Fluid makes up:
2/3 TBW
Extracellular Fluid Makes up:
1/3 TBW
- is then divided into:
Interstitial 3/4 fluid
Intravascular 1/4 fluid.
What is the circulating Blood Volume in dog, cats, horses:
Dog: 80-90 ml/kg
Cat: 40-60 ml/kg
Horses: 80 ml/kg
Fluid types:
Crystalloids:
Hypotonic (sodium chloride <0.9%
Isotonic (similar to 0.9% SC)
Hypertonic (SC > 0.9%)
Ex. LRS, Plasmalyte-M, Normosol-R
Colloids:
Natural (blood, plasma, platelets)
Synthetic (hetastarch, vetastarch)
Ex. Vetastarch, Hetastarch, Dextran, Oxyglobin