Fluid Therapy Notes Flashcards
What are the 3 Phases of fluid therapy?
1) Resuscitation Phase
2) Replacement Phase
3) Maintenance Phase
Resuscitation phase:
- Aimed at restoring of vascular volume in an effort to reverse Hypovolemia &/or Shock rate
What is the Shock Dose?
Crystalloids Isotonic Dog : 80-90 ml/kg Cats: 40-60 ml/kg Hypertonic Dog: 5ml/kg Cat: 3ml/kg
Synthetic Colloid
Dogs: 20-30 ml/kg
Cats: 10-15 ml/kg
Replacement Phase:
Involves correction of dehydration, replacement of ongoing losses, & provisions of maintenance fluid requirements.
What is the dose for replacement fluid?
Dogs: 132BW (Kg) (3/4)
Cats: 80 BW (Kg) (3/4)
Maintenance Phase:
For pts that present w/out dehydration or ongoing losses & are unwilling or unable to drink adequately on their own.
Maintenance Fluid Rate:
Crystalloids 60 ml/kg/day
Colloids:
Hetastarch 20ml/kg/day
Vetastarch 50ml/kg/day
What routes for fluid therapy administration are used:
- IV (Intravenous)
- SQ/SC (subcutaneous)
- IO (Intraosseous, Intramedullary)
- Enteral (via nasogastric tube) - more common in Lg animal.
What are signs of Hypokalemia (Low Potassium Levels) ?
- Polyuria (PU) - Increased Urinating
- Polydipsia (PD) - Increased Thirst
- Muscle Weakness
- Cardiovascular Signs (ventricular & supra ventricular arrhythmias)
Conditions that can cause hypokalemia:
- Chronic Renal Failure
- Post-obstructive Diuresis
- Dialysis
- Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing Dz)
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Hyperaldosteronism
To avoid adverse cardiac effects, what rate should potassium be administered?
Potassium should not be administered IV at a rate faster than 0.5mEQ/kg/hr (potassium max)
Why is it recommended that dextrose be diluted 1:1 (to a 25% solution) ?
It is recommended that dextrose be diluted to avoid phlebitis.
What main concern would we have from overload of the left side of the heart?
Pulmonary edema
Dehydration Replacement Volume Formula:
Kg x % (as decimal) x 1000= _______ml
What is Anuria?
No urine