animal cells + functions Flashcards
(17 cards)
describe the function of the nucleus
controls activity of cell + synthesis of ribosomes
describe the function of the mitochondria
site of aerobic respiration + generates energy in the form of ATP
describe the function of ribosomes
site of proteinsynthesis
describe the function of the Golgi apparatus
processes and packages lipids / proteins + synthesises lysosomes
describe the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
synthesis and transport of proteins
describe the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
synthesis / storage + transport of lipids and carbohydrates
describe the function of lysosomes
digests invading cells (pathogens) + breaks down and removes waste cells.
describe the function of the Golgi vesicle
stores + transports lipids and proteins
describe the function of chromatin
package long DNA molecules into more compact structures. prevents the strands from becoming tangled, preventing DNA damage. chromatin is the genetic material.
describe the function of the nucleolus
production of. ribosomes / synthesis of ribosomal RNA and the assembly of ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis in the cell.
where are 80s ribosomes found?
eukaryotic cells
what is the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a system of flattened sacs continuous with the nuclear membrane. the surface is covered with ribosomes
what do the mitochondria and nucleus have in common?
they have a double membrane
what is the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a system of flattened sacs continuous with the nuclear membrane, there are no ribosomes on the surface
what is the function of a lysosome?
contains lysozymes that are used to break down unwanted substances within the cell
what is the inner membrane of a mitochondrion called?
crista (plural cristae)
why are the cristae folded?
increase surface area to increase the rate of respiration
