Animal Physio 2

Question 1

It includes the heart, veins, capillaries, arteries, lymph vessels and lymph glands

Answer 1

Circulatory System

Question 2

The circulatory system is responsible for

Answer 2

• Distributing blood throughout the body
• Removing waste
• Mounting immune response to infection
• Aiding in regulating body temperature

Question 3

It provides organs, tissues and cells with oxygen, nutrient, gases, hormones, and antibodies and removes carbon dioxide and metabolic waste.

Answer 3

Blood

Question 4

It is responsible for draining fluid from the body and is an important defense mechanism against infection.

Answer 4

Lymphatic System

Question 5

It is a muscle and is divided into the left and right side, each side is made up of atrium and a ventricle.

Answer 5

Heart

Question 6

It receives the blood either from the lungs or the rest of the body.

Answer 6

Atria

Question 7

The blood then passes into the _________ before being pumped out of the heart again.

Answer 7

Ventricle

Question 8

What are the five types of blood vessels exists within the body

Answer 8

Arteries
Arterioles
Veins
Venules
Capillaries

Question 9

The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

Answer 9

Arteries

Question 10

Small arterial branches that deliver blood to capillaries

Answer 10

Arterioles

Question 11

Blood vessels that convey blood from tissues back to the heart

Answer 11

Veins

Question 12

Small veins that collect blood from capillaries and delivers it to a vein.

Answer 12

Venules

Question 13

They are the smallest blood vessels

Answer 13

Capillaries

Question 14

Involved in the transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and gases to the cells of the body and the removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic waste.

Answer 14

Capillaries

Question 15

They have very thin membranes so the components of blood can diffuse across the membrane and enter cells

Answer 15

Capillaries

Question 16

This is where the interaction of molecules flowing in and out of blood happens

Answer 16

Capillary bed

Question 17

What are the two main circulation systems of the body

Answer 17

Pulmonary system
Systemic system

Question 18

It delivers blood to and from the lungs

Answer 18

Pulmonary system

Question 19

Circulates blood throughout the rest of the body

Answer 19

Systemic system

Question 20

What are the composition of blood

Answer 20

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma

Question 21

The most numerous and contains a protein called hemoglobin

Answer 21

Red blood cells

Question 22

It delivers oxygen to cells and aid in the removal of carbon dioxide

Answer 22

Red blood cells

Question 23

It contains the mineral iron and is responsible for carry oxygen in the blood

Answer 23

Hemoglobin

Question 24

What are the two types of white blood cells, which aid in combusting foreign bodies, bacteria, viruses, and other infective agents

Answer 24

Granulocytes
Agranulocyte (lymphoid cells)

Question 25

It is responsible for the body's immune response or defense against infection

Answer 25

White blood cells

Question 26

Other term for white blood cells

Answer 26

Leukocytes

Question 27

Other term for red blood cells

Answer 27

Erythrocytes

Question 28

Other term for platelets

Answer 28

Thrombocytes

Question 29

A fragment of cytoplasm enclosed in a cell membrane and lacking a nucleus

Answer 29

Platelet

Question 30

It is found in circulating blood and play a role in clotting.

Answer 30

Platelet

Question 31

It is the yellowish extracellular fluid found in blood vessels.

Answer 31

Plasma

Question 32

Plasma is composed of

Answer 32

90% water

Question 33

Lymphatic system is comprised of

Answer 33

Lymph vessels Lymph nodes Lymph organs Areas of lymph tissues within the intestinal wall

Question 34

What are the lymphatic organs

Answer 34

Bone Marrow Tonsils Thymus Spleen

Question 35

Maintains internal fluid balance and is an important component of the body's immune system

Answer 35

Lymphatic system

Question 36

They originate in the body tissue and take lymph toward the heart

Answer 36

Lymph vessels

Question 37

Filters lymph and act as a barrier against infection by harboring lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells

Answer 37

Lymph nodes

Question 38

Filter lymph and act as a barrier against infection by harboring lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells

Answer 38

Lymph nodes

Question 39

Breaks down various nutrients found in feed into molecules that can be used by the cells of the body

Answer 39

Digestive system

Question 40

Digestive system is made up of

Answer 40

Mouth Tongue Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Anus

Question 41

What are the stages of digesting

Answer 41

Biting Chewing Swallowing and mixing of food Digestion and absorption of nutrient Excretion of waste

Question 42

It is a chemical breakdown of complex food into simple nutrients and ultimately into molecules that are small enough to pass across the wall of the intestines

Answer 42

Digestion

Question 43

It is the passage of molecules across the intestinal wall into the blood or lymph system

Answer 43

Absorption

Question 44

Organism that depend entirely on plants for food

Answer 44

Herbivores

Question 45

Organism that depends almost entirely on the flesh of other animals for food

Answer 45

Carnivores

Question 46

Organism that can consume both flesh and plants

Answer 46

Omnivores

Question 47

The three groups of animals based on their digestive systems

Answer 47

Ruminants Monogastrics Hindgut

Question 48

Organism who have four stomachs instead of one

Answer 48

Ruminant

Question 49

Examples of organism who are ruminants

Answer 49

Sheep Cattle Goats Deer

Question 50

What are the four stomachs of ruminants

Answer 50

Rumen Reticulum Abomasum Omasum

Question 51

It is the largest chamber of the ruminant stomach.

Answer 51

Rumen

Question 52

Organism which have a single glandular stomach

Answer 52

Monogastrics

Question 53

Organism that have a digestive system that is anatomically and physiologically similar to the human digestive system

Answer 53

Swine

Question 54

Organism that have a larger than normal cecum and hindgut

Answer 54

Hindgut

Question 55

Organism that has hindgut

Answer 55

Horse Donkey Rabbits

Question 56

These animals require microbes to break down cellulose so that they can digest high fiber plant material such as grass

Answer 56

Hindgut animals

Question 57

The tongue and lips are used to select food that animal intends to ingest

Answer 57

Mouth

Question 58

A process where Food is chewed or physically broken down to smaller pieces

Answer 58

Mastication

Question 59

It provides lubrication so the food may be swallowed and enzymes that break down the nutrients

Answer 59

Saliva

Question 60

A wave like motion that moves the food down the esophagus to the stomach

Answer 60

Peristalsis

Question 61

A tube like track that connects the pharynx to the stomach

Answer 61

Esophagus

Question 62

A storage chamber that holds food particles

Answer 62

Non-ruminant stomach

Question 63

What particles enter the rumen and microbes start eating or digesting these particles

Answer 63

Ruminant stomach

Question 64

If the gases are allowed to accumulate in the rumen and they may cause

Answer 64

Bloat

Question 65

An abnormal inflammation or distension of the rumen

Answer 65

Bloat

Question 66

It's main function is absorption

Answer 66

Small intestine

Question 67

It is highly vasculated finger like projections that greatly increase the absorptive surface area

Answer 67

Villi

Question 68

Removes water and prepares the dry waste matter for feces and finally defecation

Answer 68

Large intestine

Question 69

Fecal material is excreted via the

Answer 69

Rectum

Question 70

Large intestine is consist of

Answer 70

Cecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon

Question 71

What are the accessory digestive organs

Answer 71

Salivary glands Pancreas Liver Gallbladder

Question 72

It has a ph balancing properties and provides enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of nutrients

Answer 72

Saliva

Question 73

Is made up of endocrine and exocrine glands

Answer 73

Pancreas

Question 74

It produces insulin

Answer 74

Endocrine gland

Question 75

Produces enzymes

Answer 75

Exocrine gland

Question 76

It excretes bile which is stored in the gallbladder

Answer 76

Liver

Question 77

This is where bile is stored

Answer 77

Gallbladder

Question 78

It has properties that allow it to emulsify fats increasing the efficiency at which they are digested

Answer 78

Bile

Question 79

The glandular stomach of poultry

Answer 79

Proventriculus

Question 80

They are secreted containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates lipids and proteins

Answer 80

Pancreatic juices

Question 81

It is secreted into the duodenum, and aids in the digestion of lipids

Answer 81

Liver bile

Question 82

It provides the oxygen to the blood and excretes waste gases such as carbon dioxide

Answer 82

Respiratory system

Question 83

The respiratory system includes

Answer 83

Lungs Nostrils Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea

Question 84

These are the internal openings of the respiratory tract that lead to the nasal cavity

Answer 84

Nostrils

Question 85

It controls the breathing and prevents inhalation of foreign objects into the lungs

Answer 85

Larynx

Question 86

This is where the food and air pass through but not at the same

Answer 86

Pharynx

Question 87

This also called as windpipe, contains rings of cartilage that are rigid and prevented from collapsing

Answer 87

Trachea

Question 88

What are the two branches that divides the trachea

Answer 88

Primary bronchi

Question 89

Inside the lungs the bronchi branch into smaller bronchi and finally into the very small tubes called

Answer 89

Bronchioles

Question 90

The smallest portion of the respiratory system

Answer 90

Alveoli

Question 91

The primary function is to exchange gases with the atmosphere

Answer 91

Lungs

Question 92

Muscles of the diaphragm contract causing the thoracic cavity to enlarge and a vacuum to be created, the lungs to expand and the air is drawn into them.

Answer 92

Inhalation

Question 93

The diaphragm muscles relax causing contraction of the chest muscles which decreases the thoracic cavity size resulting in the retraction of alveolar elastic fibers

Answer 93

Exhalation

Question 94

The rate at which the brain stimulates breathing is affected by the carbon dioxide content of the blood body temperature and messages from other parts of the brain

Answer 94

Breathing rates

Question 95

Breathing rates of animals are controlled by nerve cells in a portion of the brain called the

Answer 95

Medulla oblongata