Animal Products and Overview Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
Cattle Genus
A
Bos
2
Q
Cattle Newborn
A
Calf
3
Q
Cattle Mature Male
A
Bull
4
Q
Cattle Mature Female
A
Cow
5
Q
Cattle Young Male
A
Bull calf
6
Q
Cattle Young Female
A
Heifer calf
7
Q
Castrated male cattle
A
Steer
8
Q
Birth process for cattle is called?
A
Calving
9
Q
Dog Genus
A
Canis
10
Q
Newborn Dog
A
pup
11
Q
Mature Male Dog
A
Dog
12
Q
Young Male Dog
A
Pup
13
Q
Mature Female Dog
A
Bitch
14
Q
Young Female Dog
A
pup
15
Q
Birth process of dogs?
A
whelping
16
Q
Goat Genus
A
Capra
17
Q
Newborn goat
A
kid
18
Q
mature male goat
A
buck
19
Q
young male goat
A
buck kid
20
Q
mature female goat
A
doe
21
Q
young female goat
A
doe kid
22
Q
castrated male goat
A
wether
23
Q
The birthing process for goats is called?
A
kidding
24
Q
Horse Genus
A
Equus
25
newborn horse
foal
26
mature male horse
stallion
27
young male horse
colt
28
mature female horse
mare
29
young female horse
filly
30
castrated male horse
gelding
31
The birthing process of horses is called?
Foaling
32
Chicken Genus
Gallus
33
Newborn Chicken
chick
34
mature male chicken
cock
35
young male chicken
cockerel
36
mature female chicken
hen
37
young female chicken
pullet
38
castrated male chicken
capon
39
The birthing process of chicken is called?
hatching
40
Sheep Genus
Ovis
41
Newborn sheep
lamb
42
mature male sheep
ram
43
young male sheep
ram lamb
44
Mature female sheep
ewe
45
young female sheep
ewe lamb
46
castrated male sheep
wether
47
birth process for sheep
lambing
48
Swine Genus
Sus
49
Newborn swine
pig
50
mature male swine
boar
51
young male swine
boar pig
52
mature female swine
sow
53
young female swine
gilt
54
castrated male swine
barrow
55
birthing process for swine
farrowing
56
Cat Genus
Felis
57
Newborn cat
kitten
58
mature male cat
Tom
59
young male cat
kitten
60
Mature female cat
Queen
61
young female cat
kitten
62
birth process for cats
queening/littering
63
Some examples of ruminants (four stomach compartments) or modified ruminants are...
goats, deer, cattle, sheep, elk, bison, water buffalos, giraffes, yaks, camels
64
Some examples of monogastrics (one stomach compartment) are ....
dogs, cats, chickens, horses, swine, humans, rats, mice
65
What percent of people in the U.S. are involved in agriculture?
around 2%
66
What is the average percent of people working in agriculture in the world overall?
43%
67
What trend exists between income and supply/consumption of animal products?
As income increases, the percent of protein supply from animal sources increases.
68
What trend exists surrounding the size and number of U.S. farms?
The number of farms in the U.S. has decreased by half since 1951, but the average farm size has increased.
69
Why are U.S. farms so productive?
1. Free enterprise system encourages productivity and has no quotas on production
2. Land and climate conditions
3. Education system provided by Land Grant Schools
4. Specialization in agribusiness and research
70
What trend exists in the U.S. for percent income spent on food?
The percent income spent on food has been dropping for the last 50-80 years. In 2021, 10.3% of personal income was spent on food.
71
What trend exists in people supplied by farm workers?
Farmers have steadily supplied more people with food. In 2020, one farmer supplied 166 people with food compared to just 9 people in 1930.
72
What percentage of protein consumed in the U.S. comes from animals?
64%
73
What percentage of protein consumed by the world comes from animals?
34%
74
What percent of the calorie supply in the U.S. comes from animals?
27%
75
What percent of the calorie supply comes from animals for the entire world?
18%
76
Which country leads the world in meat production?
China
77
What is the leading meat in the U.S. compared to the leading meat in the world?
Chicken leads in the U.S. while pork leads in the world.
78
What makes meat an important source for nutrition?
1. Its amino acid assortment most closely matched the needs of the human body compared to plants
2. Minerals in meat such as iron and zinc, along with vitamins like B12 are needed by humans
79
Which protein is considered to be the "most valuable?"
Egg protein, followed by milk protein
80
For what reasons are animals important to humans?
1. food
2. clothing
3. work and power
4. companionship and recreation
5. Research for human health benefits
81
What percent of the world relies on animals for transportation or work purposes?
20%
82
What percentage of homes in the U.S. owned a pet as of 2021?
70%
83
Name some research benefits of animals
1. animals serve as models for almost 200 human diseases
2. artificial organs
3. transgenic animals - "pharming": use of animals to produce pharmaceuticals
4. Xenotransplantation: transfer of animal tissues to humans
84
Consumption trends by animals
1. Beef consumption is decreasing
2. Poultry consumption is increasing
3. Pork consumption has stayed relatively the same
4. Lamb consumption is very low and has stayed that way
5. Fish consumption has increased
6. Egg consumption has increased
7. Consumption of saturated fats has increased as more fats today come from oils or fats than from meats
85
Which domesticated animals are the most prolific, and in which countries?
1. Chicken : China
2. Cattle : India
3. Ducks : China
4. Sheep : China
5. Swine : China
86
Consumption trends of milk and dairy products?
1. Fluids decreased
2. Cheese increased
3. butter increased
4. yogurt increased
5. frozen dairy products have decreased
87
Reasons for changing trends in consumption
1. diet, health issues
2. consumer concerns other ethical production
3. economics
4. marketing
88
organic foods
are foods that are produced under National Organic Program (NOP) through the USDA; highly regulated
89
natural foods
a product containing no artificial ingredient or added color and is only minimally produced; produced in a manner that does not fundamentally alter it; less regulated than organic foods
90
local foods
no clear federal definition; different areas have different definitions of what constitutes "local"
91
neutraceuticals
functional foods; foods with added health benefits
ex. orange juice fortified with Vitamin D
