ANIMAL REPRODUCTION

Question 1

What is reproduction?

Answer 1

The production of offspring

Question 2

What are the two types of reproduction?

Answer 2

Sexual and asexual

Question 3

Asexual reproduction:

Answer 3

One parent
Offspring are genetically identical
No genetic variation

Question 4

Sexual reproduction

Answer 4

Two parents
Gametes required
Causes genetic variation

Question 5

What are gametes?

Answer 5

Sex cells that contain the genetic information of a parent

Question 6

The male gamete in humans is:

Answer 6

Sperm

Question 7

What is the female gamete in humans?

Answer 7

Ova

Question 8

What is the male gamete in plants?

Answer 8

Pollen

Question 9

What is the female gamete in plants?

Answer 9

Eggs

Question 10

How is the sperm cell specialised for its function?

Answer 10

Flagellum for swimming
Lots of mitochondria for respiration, to release energy
Nucleus has half the set of genetic material from the father

Question 11

How is the egg cell specialised for its function?

Answer 11

Lots of mitochondria for respiration to release energy
Nucleus has half the set of genetic information from the mother

Question 12

What is fertilisation?

Answer 12

The process of the NUCLEI of a sperm and egg cell joint together

Question 13

What does the process of fertilisation form?

Answer 13

A zygote

Question 14

What are the two types of fertilisation?

Answer 14

Internal=within the body
External=outside of the body

Question 15

Ovaries

Answer 15

Organ where egg cells mature and are released. Produces oestrogen and progesterone from puberty to menopause. Two present.

Question 16

Oviduct

Answer 16

Tube that transports egg from ovary to uterus using small hairs. Fertilisation may occur here.

Question 17

Uterus

Answer 17

Organ where developing baby grows. Has thick wall of muscle and elastic tissue. Inner lining (endometrium) grows and is released monthly from liberty to menopause.

Question 18

Cervix

Answer 18

Ring of muscle at the neck of the uterus

Question 19

Vagina

Answer 19

Muscular tube that opens to the outside. Sometimes known as the birth canal.

Question 20

Labia

Answer 20

Fleshy lobes that protect the opening of the vagina protect

Question 21

Clitoris

Answer 21

Area very sensitive to stimulation

Question 22

Testes

Answer 22

Organ that produces sperm from liberty, also releases testosterone.

Question 23

Scrotum

Answer 23

Name that is given to the pouch of skin which holds testes outside the body so that they are at a suitable temperature.

Question 24

Epididymis

Answer 24

Mass of coiled tubes which transports sperm from testes to sperm duct

Question 25

Sperm duct

Answer 25

Tubes which carry the sperm from the testes to the glands and urethra.

Question 26

Seminal gland

Answer 26

Opens into the sperm duct and produces seminal fluid

Question 27

Prostate

Answer 27

Opens into the urethra and produces alkaline fluid which neutralises urine

Question 28

Penis

Answer 28

Organ which transports semen and urine to the outside. Contains spongy tissues, which fills with blood when the organ is stimulated, this makes the organ erect so that it can be placed inside the female.

Question 29

Urethra

Answer 29

Tube which passes through penis. Both semen and urine pass through it.

Question 30

Foreskin

Answer 30

Area of skin which covers sensitive tip of the penis and is removes in the process of circumcision