Animal respiratory systems

Question 1

what is the main function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

facilitate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between body and external environment

Question 2

what is respiration in the respiratory system?

Answer 2

biochemical process in mitochondria of cells that produces ATP

Question 3

what is breathing in the respiratory system?

Answer 3

mechanical, rhythmic contractions of muscles and skeletons to inhale and exhale

Question 4

what is gaseous exchange?

Answer 4

physical process where gases move by diffusion across cell membranes

Question 5

what are respiratory surfaces?

Answer 5

surfaces in contact with the external environment that are specialised for gaseous exchange

Question 6

common features of efficient gas exchange (3)

Answer 6

large surface area
moist thin surface
efficient location next to transport system

Question 7

basic summary of respiratory system in humans:

Answer 7

nasal cavity– pharynx– epiglotis– larynx/voicebox–trachea- bronchus (left/right)– bronchioles– alveolus

Question 8

do unicellular organisms require transport systems? why?

Answer 8

no, SA:V ratio is adequate for simple diffusion with external environment to keep up with needs of smaller metabolism

Question 9

do multicellular organisms require transport systems? why?

Answer 9

yes, large organisms are active and need more nutrients and oxygen for energy and produce more waste that cannot be carried out through simple diffusion, thus there is a greater need for transport of wastes/nutrients

Question 10

what are transport systems?

Answer 10

link between all other systems in body of organism

Question 11

effective transport systems have (4):

Answer 11

• system that substances are transported
• way of ensuring material flows in one direction
• medium in which chemicals are carried
• mechanism to release substances when needed and pick them up when not needed