Circulatory System

Question 1

main function of circulatory system? (4)

Answer 1

• transport nutrients, wastes, hormones, gases, antibodies
• maintain internal environment
• remove toxins+ pathogens
• distribution of heat

Question 2

open circulatory system

primarily found in ______,
blood (called ____) flows directly into body cavities (called ___) and slowly feeds to cells, which then collects back to tube shaped heart called ____

Answer 2

invertebrates, haemolymph, sinuses, ostia

Question 3

open circulatory system

exchange of nutrients relies on ____, thus is why insects are small as circulatory system can’t support ___ body ____

not very efficient as it is very ___

Answer 3

diffusion, large, diffusion. slow

Question 4

closed circulatory system

primarily found in ____
transport fluid is ___ which is contained in ___ at all times

heart is ____ organ that ____ blood around the body

Answer 4

vertebrates, blood, vessels

muscular, pumps

Question 5

what does blood carry?

Answer 5

nutrients, wastes, gases, hormones, antibodies, clotting factors

Question 6

what are the 4 components of blood?

Answer 6

RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma

Question 7

what percentage of blood is plasma?

Answer 7

55%

Question 8

what percentage of blood are platelets?

Answer 8

<0.01%

Question 9

what percentage of blood are WBC?

Answer 9

<0.1%

Question 10

what percentage of blood are RBC?

Answer 10

45%

Question 11

scientific name for RBC?

Answer 11

erythrocytes

Question 12

scientific name for WBC?

Answer 12

leukocytes

Question 13

scientific name for platelets?

Answer 13

thrombocytes

Question 14

what are RBCs?
description+ function

Answer 14

red blood cells
no nucleus, 7um in diameter, biconcave shape

main function: transport oxygen plus small amounts of carbon dioxide for pH balance

Question 15

what are WBCs?
description+ function

Answer 15

white blood cells
larger than RBCs but not as abundant, possess nucleus, many different types

main function: part of immune system to protect body against foreign particles

Question 16

what are platelets?
description+ function

Answer 16

fragments of special cells, disc shaped, half size of RBCs, least abundant in blood

main function: assist blood clotting

Question 17

what is plasma?
description+ function

Answer 17

yellow, watery fluid composed of 90% water and 10% mostly proteins

main function: carrying proteins, nutrients, gases, waste, ions, hormones, vitamins

Question 18

three broad categories of blood vessels?

Answer 18

arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 19

what do arteries do?

Answer 19

transport blood away from heart to organs

Question 20

pressure in arteries?

Answer 20

very high

Question 21

arteries have ___, ___walls, a ___ lumen diameter, and ___ valves

Answer 21

thick, elastic, narrow, no

Question 22

what do veins do?

Answer 22

carry blood TO heart

Question 23

pressure in veins

Answer 23

very low

Question 24

veins have ___, ___ ___ walls, a ___ lumen diameter and present ____

Answer 24

thin, less elastic, large, valves

Question 25

what do capillaries do?

Answer 25

carry blood in all directions to cells where gas exchange occurs

Question 26

pressure in capillaries?

Answer 26

low

Question 27

capillaries have __ ___, ___ walls, a very ___ lumen diameter, and __ valves

Answer 27

very thin, inelastic, narrow, no