animal science general

Question 1

Define animal science

Answer 1

studying the
biology of animals that are under the control
of mankind

Question 2

The importance of animal science

Answer 2

Feeding the world, Growing population and major contribution to rural economic development in Ireland

Question 3

what is the 2050 goal of producing more from less

Answer 3

planet needs to produce 70% more food using less land, water and energy

Question 4

estimated human population of 2050

Answer 4

9 billion ppl

Question 5

affect of rising incomes in relation to food products

Answer 5

spend more money on food especially high protein animal products

Question 6

ruminant contribution to rising global demand for meat

Answer 6

contribute around half of the animal protein produced by livestock

Question 7

where will most of this growth in meat consumption occur

Answer 7

80% of this growth will occur in developing countries i.e. Asia and Africa

Question 8

expected increase of food prices

Answer 8

by 15-40%

Question 9

causes of world food demand by 2050

Answer 9

50% increase from world population growth
50% increase from economic rise in low income countries (urbanisation)

Question 10

The average EU farmer feeds how many ppl?

Answer 10

155 people

Question 11

a third of total cereal production goes towards what?

Answer 11

animal feed

Question 12

1kg of CH4 (methane) = ?

Answer 12

28kg CO2

Question 13

1kg N2O (nitrous oxide)= ?

Answer 13

298kg CO2

Question 14

Agriculture (livestock production) responsible for how much GHG emissions

Answer 14

14%

Question 15

Deforestation accounts for how much GHG emission

Answer 15

18%

Question 16

Cattle accounts for how much GHG emissions within total livestock

Answer 16

65%

Question 17

Sustainability tradeoff

Answer 17

Beef cattle> total GHG emissions from livestock production than monogastric animals

Question 18

main sources of CH4 (methane) emissions in ag

Answer 18

cattle belches
animal manure

Question 19

main sources of N2O (nitrous oxide) in ag

Answer 19

animal manure
fertiliser
urine patches

Question 20

Main sources of CO2 emissions in ag

Answer 20

fuel on farm
generation of electricity
release of carbon stores in soils

Question 21

2030 goal

Answer 21

Reduce GHG by 25%

Question 22

Improve water quality via (2030)

Answer 22

50% reduction in nutrient losses
20% reduction in fertiliser use

Question 23

GHG emissions in intensive production systems

Answer 23

modern systems have lower GHG per unit of beef

Question 24

habitable land utilisation

Answer 24

71%

Question 25

agriculture% of habitable land

Answer 25

50%

Question 26

World Land Utilisation: Total wasteland%

Answer 26

67% wasteland; unsuitable temperature/ altitude ect.

Question 27

World Land Utilisation: ratio of grassland to cultivated land

Answer 27

There is twice as much grassland as cultivated land

Question 28

Carbon sequestration in grassland

Answer 28

Permanent pasture Grazing only Diverse swards Cropland>grassland>forest

Question 29

Forage in relation to livestock feeding systems

Answer 29

net producer of human edible protein and energy

Question 30

Contrasting view of grain-fed systems

Answer 30

Requires less land, but more human edible-feed to produce a kg of beef

Question 31

What percentage of consumers in Ireland are estimated to be vegetarians?

Answer 31

6%

Question 32

How to measure GHG impact and production costs

Answer 32

Grazing season age at 1st calving calving interval LWG

Question 33

Sustainable farm production involves...

Answer 33

minimising environmental costs while creating societal benefits and maintaining profits

Question 34

What are the levers of these changes?

Answer 34

Economy: willingness to pay Environment: increase demand in organic farming Welfare: no castration ect. Quality: production without additives

Question 35

Irelands achievement in sustainable agriculture

Answer 35

The most carbon efficient milk producer in the EU