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AVS 109 > Animals in Agriculture & Society (1) > Flashcards

Animals in Agriculture & Society (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Domesticate

A

Bring wild animals under the control of humans and eventually improve the species by selection, mating, and handling.

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2
Q

What is the goal for domesticating animals?

A

To provide products and services for humans.

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3
Q

How do animals benefit humans?

A 
Food 
Clothing, shelter
Tools, fuel 
Draft, transportation 
Fertilizer 
Recreation, entertainment 
Hunting partners, pest control 
Protection, service
Pharmaceuticals, health products
Companionship, emotional well-being 
Income, storage of capital and food
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4
Q

Why was the dog domesticated?

A

Hunting partner
Work
Company
Protection

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5
Q

From what animal did the dog evolve from?

A

Wolf

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6
Q

What is the name of the sheep?

A

Ovis Aries

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7
Q

Why were sheep domesticated?

A

Clothing
Food
Flock oriented

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8
Q

Where did sheep come from?

A

Wild sheep- mouflon and urial.

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9
Q

What is the name of the pig?

A

Sus scrofa domesticus

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10
Q

From who did the pig evolve from?

A

European wild pig

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11
Q

What is pig fat used in?

A

Soap, lubricants, lotion, cooking oils, candlelights, explosives.

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12
Q

Is any of the animal wasted during slaughter?

A

No. They can’t afford to waste.

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13
Q

What is collagen?

A

Protein in the bones.

It is the most abundant protein in the body of animals.

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14
Q

What is the name of the horse?

A

Equus caballus

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15
Q

Why was the horse domesticated?

A

Agriculture and work

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16
Q

From who was cattle derived?

A

Bos Primigenuis

Wild in Europe

17
Q

Which species are phenotypic to the Bos Primigenuis?

A

Bos indicus, and Bos Taurus

18
Q

What are the features of the Bos indicus?

A

Big ears
Prominent hump
Loose skin around sheath, brisket, etc. -it’s loose for blood and heat.

19
Q

Is the Bos indicus more disease resistant?

A

Yes

20
Q

What is the name for the chicken?

A

Gallus domesticus

21
Q

What did the chicken evolve from?

A

Jungle Fowl

22
Q

Why are chickens so popular?

A

Short generation interval
Scavengers
Affordable
Multiuse- eggs, meat, etc.

23
Q

What animal is considered aquaculture?

A 
Catfish
Trout
Salmon
Carp
Etc.
24
Q

Are aquaculture animals domesticated?

A

No they are farmed.

25
Q

What is the definition of Agriculture?

A

Utilization of biological processes to produce food, fiber, and other products useful for humans.

26
Q

What is the Morrill Act?

A

Uses the Northwest Ordinance which authorized the sale of land for educational purposes.

-30,000 acres (for each member of congress) donated to each state.

27
Q

What is another name for the Morrill Act?

A

Land Grant College Act of 1862

28
Q

What did the Morrill Act propose?

A

Federally owned land to be sold and proceeds hard to establish at least one college in each state.

29
Q

What was the Morrill Act intended for?

A

To teach branches of learning that are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts.
And to provide an education to unprivileged.

30
Q

What was the Hatch Act of 1887?

A

Land-Grant colleges were to receive federal funding to establish research stations.

31
Q

What is the thermal neutral zone?

A

The body temperature that an animal has grown accustomed to.

32
Q

What is the Smith-Lever Act of 1914?

A

Provided extension programs such as county offices and 4-H programs.

33
Q

What is the Smith Hughes Act of 1917?

A

Provided vocational training in high schools.

34
Q

What is the growth hormone called?

A

Somotropin

It is a protein and it absorbs individual amino acids in humans.

35
Q

Why has there been so much change and growth in animals?

A

Controlled breeding
Hormones
-rBST in cattle

36
Q

Are chickens mono-gastric?

A

Yes.

37
Q

What are indirect contributions of animal agriculture to food supply?

A

Draught power
Transport
Maintenance of soil fertility and organic matter
Nutrient recycling
Manure as fuel
Source of cash for use of fertilizer, seed, and food
Food reserve

38
Q

Has modern agriculture become more “green”?

A

Yes. Land use, gas use, water use- emission of greenhouse gases.

AVS 109 (10 decks)

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