Animals Practical I

Question 1

What are the three germ layers?

Answer 1

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

Question 2

Which phylum is acoelemate?

Answer 2

Platyhelminthes

Question 3

Which phylum has pseudocoelemate body cavities?

Answer 3

Nematoda

Question 4

What kind of digestive tract do nematode have?

Answer 4

Complete, with mouth and anus

Question 5

Which gender of nematode has a hooked tail?

Answer 5

Male

Question 6

Path of food in nematoda

Answer 6

Mouth, pharynx, intestine, anus

Question 7

How does respiration work in nematoda?

Answer 7

Simple diffusion

Question 8

Female nematode genital pore is connected to a?

Answer 8

Short vagina

Question 9

Nematode vagina opens to?

Answer 9

Two uteri, which contain an oviduct, and finally, ovaries at the end

Question 10

Function of copulatory spicule?

Answer 10

Holds genital pore of female open during sex

Question 11

Function of cloaca?

Answer 11

Collection of waste products and sperm

Question 12

Thick reproductive tubes in nematoda?

Answer 12

Sperm ducts/vas deferens

Question 13

Thin reproductive tubes in nematoda?

Answer 13

Testes

Question 14

Mesodermal epithelium lining body cavities of annelids

Answer 14

Peritoneum

Question 15

Setae

Answer 15

Small, bristle-like appendages, used for locomotion and gas exchange

Question 16

What is the clitellum?

Answer 16

Swelling on dorsal surface, provides mucus sheath around reproducing worm, makes cocoon in which fertilized eggs are deposited.

Question 17

Order of annelid digestive system

Answer 17

Pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus

Question 18

Function of crop in annelida

Answer 18

Storage stomach

Question 19

Function of gizzard in annelida

Answer 19

Grinds and churns soil

Question 20

Where is typhlosole and what is its function?

Answer 20

Found on dorsal surface of intestine, groove, increases SA for absorption

Question 21

Function of nephridia

Answer 21

Removes fluid and wastes from both tissue fluids and blood

Question 22

Process of gas exchange in nephridia

Answer 22

Cilia drives fluids into nephrostome from coelom and then through tubule. Gas exchange happens in capillaries around tubules. Tubules leads to bladder, fluid exits body through nephridiopore.

Question 23

Internal transports in annelids performed by?

Answer 23

Coelomic fluid

Question 24

_______ circ system in annelids

Answer 24

Closed

Question 25

Coelomic fluid contains ________ ________ to increase capacity of oxygen carried

Answer 25

Respiratory pigments (hemoglobin in annelids)

Question 26

How many hearts in annelids?

Answer 26

Five pseudo hearts

Question 27

Annelids: ventral blood vessel flows towards?

Answer 27

Posterior

Question 28

Annelids: Dorsal blood vessel flows towards?

Answer 28

Anterior

Question 29

What is meant by hermaphrodite?

Answer 29

Both male and female reproductive organs present in an individual.

Question 30

Earthworms attach at the ______ to mate

Answer 30

Clitella

Question 31

Function of seminal receptacles in annelids?

Answer 31

Where sperm from other worms is stored

Question 32

Function of testes in annelids?

Answer 32

Produce sperm

Question 33

Annelids: sperm transferred to

Answer 33

Male genital pore via the vas deferens

Question 34

Annelid female reproductive system consist of

Answer 34

Pair of ovaries connected to the female genital pore via a series of small passageways

Question 35

What is special about the clamworm's head?

Answer 35

Well developed sensory structures, jaws

Question 36

Fleshy appendages in clam worms

Answer 36

Parapodia

Question 37

What protrudes from parapodia clam worms?

Answer 37

Setae for gas exchange

Question 38

Structures parallel to esophagus in clam worm?

Answer 38

Esophageal caeca

Question 39

Pathway of clam worm digestion?

Answer 39

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach-intestine, anus

Question 40

Function of parapodia?

Answer 40

Gas exchange, locomotion, contain blood vessels

Question 41

Largest phylum of all?

Answer 41

Arthropoda

Question 42

Factors of arthropod success?

Answer 42

Exoskeleton, jointed appendages

Question 43

Two divisions of crayfish?

Answer 43

Cephalothorax, posterior abdomen

Question 44

Exoskeleton made up of?

Answer 44

Chitin

Question 45

What is the carapace?

Answer 45

Saddle-like covering over cephalothorax

Question 46

What is the rostrum?

Answer 46

Anterior pointed extension of the head

Question 47

What lies lateral to rostrum?

Answer 47

Stalked eyes

Question 48

What is at the end of crayfish abdomen?

Answer 48

Telson

Question 49

How are male swimmerets different?

Answer 49

First two pairs are copulatory, form a v-shaped channel for sperm transfer

Question 50

Function of crayfish digestive gland?

Answer 50

Secretes enzymes and stores food

Question 51

Crayfish digestive path

Answer 51

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus

Question 52

Inside crayfish stomach, chitinous teeth form?

Answer 52

Gastric mill, which grinds food

Question 53

Arthropods have _____ circulatory system, which means that...

Answer 53

Open, blood flows freely across organs

Question 54

Blood enters crayfish heart from_____ through ______

Answer 54

Hemocoel, ostia

Question 55

Body regions of grasshopper

Answer 55

Head, thorax, abdomen

Question 56

How many legs in grasshoppers? How many pairs of antennae?

Answer 56

Six, two

Question 57

Function of ovipositor? Which gender?

Answer 57

Lay eggs, (found in females)

Question 58

Digestive tract of grasshopper

Answer 58

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, stomach, intestine, rectum, anus

Question 59

What is attached to grasshopper stomach?What does it do?

Answer 59

Gastric Caeca produces enzymes that are secreted into stomach, aiding digestion

Question 60

Excretory organs of the grasshopper

Answer 60

Malpighian tubes

Question 61

Grasshopper testes are composed of

Answer 61

Follicles

Question 62

Ovary composition in grasshoppers

Answer 62

Composed of egg tubes which produce ova

Question 63

Spermatheca in female grasshoppers function

Answer 63

Stores sperm from sex