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WSET Diploma Unit 3: France > Anjou and Saumur Wines- Loire Valley > Flashcards

Anjou and Saumur Wines- Loire Valley Flashcards

1
Q

How big is the region of Anjou in the Loire?

A

532 hectares

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2
Q

Anjou Blanc- History

A

Monks played an important role in the development of the wine growing industry, as every monestry owned its own vineyard. When Henry 2 (Plantagenet) became king of England in 1154, he insisted that Anjou wines were served at Court during his reign- a trend continued by his successors. So for almost a thousand years, the crowned heads of France and England helped to build the reputation of Loire wines.

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3
Q

Anjou- Climate

A

Temperate oceanic climate, generally dry, illustrating the proverbial “Douceur- Angevine”- the mildness of Anjou

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4
Q

Anjou Blanc- Soil types

A

Dark schist soils known as “Anjou Noir”

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5
Q

Anjou Blanc- Varietals

A

Chenin with the addition of up to 20% Chardonnay or Sauvignon for spring wines.

100% Chenin for Long-Lived wines

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6
Q

How big is the AOC Anjou Coteaux De La Loire?

A

32 hectares

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7
Q

Anjou Coteaux De La Loire- Did you know?

A

The Coteaux De La Loire makes up a single geographical area, planted with Chenin grapes for making Anjou Coteaux De La Loire, and with Melom grapes for Muscadet Coteaux De La Loire

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8
Q

Anjou Coteaux De La Loire- Soil Types

A

Shallow brown soils over schist subsoils.

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9
Q

Anjou Coteaux De La Loire- Varietal, Colour and Style

A

Chenin Blanc

Sweet White

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10
Q

Anjou Fines Bulles- Size

A

89 hectares

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11
Q

Anjou Fines Bulles- Did you know?

A

Anjou Fines Bulles sparkling wines are made using the traditional method of secondary, in- bottle, fermentation. They are described as sparkling if the pressure inside the bottle is less than 2.5 bars, and “mousseaux” when the pressure stands at 3- 6 bars.

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12
Q

Anjou Fines Bulles- Soil Types

A

Dark schist soils known as “Anjou Noir”

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13
Q

Anjou Fines Bulles- Varietals, Colours and Styles

A

White: Chenin, Sauvignon, Chardonnay
Red: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’ Aunis, Gamay, Grolleau

Sparkling White, Sparkling Rose

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14
Q

How big is the Anjou Gamay production area?

A

98 hectares

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15
Q

Anjou Gamay- Did you know?

A

Anjou Gamay AOC’s primeur wines are ready to sell from the third Thursday in November, giving us a taste of what we can expect from the new vintage.

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16
Q

Anjou Gamay- Soil Types

A

Dark schist soils known as “Anjou Noir”

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17
Q

Anjou Gamay- Varietal

A

Gamay noir a jus Blanc

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18
Q

How big is production area for Anjou Rouge?

A

1,046 hectares

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19
Q

Anjou Rouge- Did you Know?

A

Anjou Rouge is the perfect expression of Cabernet as grown in the schist soils of the Loire- ideal for enthusiasts who would like to share their wine experiences as part of a meal with friends. Cabernet Franc gives the wine elegance and fruity flavours, while well- ripened Cabernet Sauvignon adds body, giving Anjou Rouge the potential to develop well over several years of aging.

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20
Q

Anjou Rouge- Soil Types

A

Dark schist soils known as “Anjou Noir”

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21
Q

Anjou Rouge- Varietals

A

Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’ Aunis, Grolleau may also be added, to a maximum of 10%

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22
Q

What is the production area of Anjou Villages AOC?

A

161 hectares

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23
Q

Anjou Villages AOC- Did you Know?

A

The terroir is part of a number of plots within the larger Anjou AOC. These are the earliest parcels with the best soils, and enjoy excellent sun exposure

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23
Q

Anjou Villages AOC- Soil Types

A

Schist soils, partially covered by gravel formations

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23
Q

Anjou Villages AOC- Varietals

A

Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

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23
Q

What is the production area of Anjou- Villages Brissac AOC?

A

106 hectares

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24
Q

Anjou- Villages Brissac AOC- Did you know?

A

The Anjou Villages Brissac area is part of a number of plots within the Anjou Villages AOC, covering some ten communes around Brissac. The area has a history of producing red wines with excellent ageing potential. Geographically, it corresponds approximately to the Coteaux de l’Aubance AOC area.

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25
Q

Anjou Villages Brissac AOC- Soil Types

A

Schist soils, partially covered by gravel formations.

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26
Q

Anjou Villages Brissac- Varietals

A

Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

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27
Q

Bonnezeaux AOC- Production Area

A

80 hectares

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28
Q

Bonnezeaux AOC- Did you know?

A

Bonnezeaux vines are planted on a succession of three south- west facing slopes, La Montagne, Beauregard and Fesles. To the north we find a gently undulating plateau at around 90 metres above sea level, while the Layton river flows through at around 29 metres above sea level.

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29
Q

Bonnezeaux AOC- Climate

A

Mesoclimate influences (a microclimate in which Mediterranean plant life thrives) help grapes reach extreme levels of ripeness and promote botrytis.

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30
Q

Bonnezeaux AOC- Soil Types

A

St Georges sandstone schists with quartz and phthanite lodes.

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31
Q

Bonnezeaux AOC- Varietals

A

Chenin Blanc, sweet wines

32
Q

Cabernet- D’ Anjou- Production Area

A

5,485 hectares

33
Q

Cabernet- D’-Anjou AOC- Did you know?

A

Cabernet-d’ Anjou AOC is an elegant, aromatic rose, whose finesse is apparent from the very first sniff. Flavours include ripe red fruit (strawberries, redcurrants and raspberries) and sometimes also tropical fruit. This wide spectrum of flavour, alongside a certain mild softness, gives the wine a deliciously easy- going character, while it’s mellow fragrance sets it apart from other generally dry roses.

34
Q

Cabernet-d’ Anjou AOC- Soil types

A

Dark schist soils known as “Anjou Noir”. Terres Blanches (White Earth), the altered tuffeau limestone known as “Anjou Blanc”.

35
Q

Cabernet D’ Anjou- Varietals

A

Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

36
Q

Chinon AOC- Production Area

A

2,300 hectares

37
Q

Chinon AOC- Did you know?

A

Chinon wine is made from Cabernet Franc grape, finely nuanced by its links to this distinctive terroir. When grown in the light, Sandy- gravel soils along the banks of the Vienne, Chinon is rounded on the palate, supple and easy to drink. When grown in the denser soil of the limestone slopes, the wine gains a fuller body, is more robust and develops a much longer ageing potential. Chinon wines are universally appreciated for their rich, balanced smoothness.

38
Q

Chinon AOC- Climate

A

Semi- Oceanique climate

39
Q

Chinon AOC- Soil Types

A

Three main soil types: the terraces on the banks of the Vienna are made up of gravel and sand; slopes and hilltops are of yellow tuffeau while mounds and plateaux contain silliceaous clay and sand.

40
Q

Chinon AOC- Varietal and Colours

A

White: Chenin
Red: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

Colours: White, Red, Rose

41
Q

What is the production area of Coteaux De L’Aubance?

A

209 hectares

42
Q

Coteaux De’LAubance- Did you know?

A

Like the Layon, the Aubance is a small river whose presence promotes the formation of morning mists and the development of noble rot in September and October

43
Q

Coteaux De L’Aubance- Climate

A

Mesoclimate influences (a microclimate in which Mediterranean plant life thrives) help grapes reach extreme levels of ripeness and encourage botrytis.

44
Q

Coteaux De L’Aubance- Soil Types

A

Schist soils with traces of slate

45
Q

Coteaux De L’Aubance- Varietals and Colours

A

Chenin Blanc, Sweet Wine

46
Q

Coteaux De Saumur AOC- Production Area

A

15 hectares

47
Q

Coteaux De Saumur AOC- History

A

Saumur became a Huguenot stronghold under King Henry IV. By the 12th century, it was a major centre for wine trading, thanks largely to its excellent geographical location and geological conditions.

48
Q

Coteaux De Saumur- Climate

A

Temperate Oceanic climate. A continental influence on the plots furthest from the Loire.

49
Q

Coteaux De Saumur AOC- Soil Types

A

Limestone tuffeau

50
Q

Coteaux De Saumur AOC- Varietal, Colour and Style

A

Chenin Blanc, White, Sweet Wine

51
Q

Coteaux Du Layon- Production Area

A

1,455 hectares

52
Q

Coteaux Du Layon AOC- History

A

From as early as 1579, Dutch merchants used the Layon a tributary of the Loire, as a transport route. They began to develop a trade in Layon wines, which travelled and aged very well. Coteaux Du Layon wines are sweet and luscious, with an almost infinite variety of flavours.

53
Q

Coteaux Du Layon- Climate

A

Temperate Oceanic climate. Slopes have good exposure and airflow, helping grapes to reach extreme levels of ripeness and to botrytis. Proximity to the Layon promotes the development of noble rot.

54
Q

Coteaux Du Layon- Soil Types

A

Sunny slopes to the south of the Loire; pebble soils, mainly schists- but can also contain clay and silica.

55
Q

Coteaux Du Layon- Varietal, Colour and Style

A

Chenin Blanc, White, Sweet Wines

56
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru, Chaume AOC- Production Area

A

56 hectares

57
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru, Chaume AOC- Did You Know?

A

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru Chaume is the Loire’s one and only Premier Cru. The village of Chaume lies at the heart of the Coteaux Du Layon area, and is part of the commune of Rochefort Sur Loire.

58
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru, Chaume AOC- Climate

A

Mesoclimate influences (a microclimate in which Mediterranean plant life thrives) help grapes reach levels of extreme ripeness and promote botrytis.

59
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru, Chaume AOC- Soil Types

A

Schist and Sandstone terraces on South- facing slopes, and the shallow brown soils known as “Anjou Noir”.

60
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Premier Cru, Chaume AOC- Varietal, Colour and Style

A

Chenin Blanc, White, Sweet Wines

61
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Villages AOC- Production Area

A

200 hectares

62
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Villages AOC- Did you know?

A

The production covers 6 communes in the Maine et Loire bordering the Layon: Beaulieu- Sur- Layon, Faye- d’Anjou, Rablay- Sur- Layon, Rochefort-Sur-Loire, Saint-Aubin-De-Luigne et Saint-Lambert-Du-Lattay. The municipality of St Aubin- De- Luigne is called “Pearl of the Layon”. These are great sweet whites that unveil the full expression of Chenin overripe: intense nose, opulence and vivacity.

63
Q

Coteaux Du Layon Villages AOC- Varietal, Colour, Style

A

Chenin Blanc, White, Sweet White

64
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC Blanc- Production Area

A

30 hectares

65
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC- History

A

Developed by Cistercian monks in the Middle Ages, celebrated by Henry IV and carefully mapped under Louis XIV, the Coteaux Du Loir winegrowing area has been experiencing something of a revival since the 1970s, both in terms of quality and through a new surge of interest from the public.

66
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC- Climate

A

Temperate climate broken down into a number of microclimates.

67
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC- Soil Types

A

Chalk (tuffeau) from the Turonian era, broken down into siliceous clay on the steeper slopes.

68
Q

Coteaux Du Loir Blanc AOC- Varietal and Colour

A

Chenin Blanc, White

69
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC- Rouge and Rose: Production Area

A

40 hectares

70
Q

Coteaux Du Loir AOC- Rouge and Rose: Varietals and Colour

A

Pineau d’ Aunis, Cabernet, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau

Red and Rose

71
Q

Cremant De Loire AOC- Production Area

A

1,693 hectares

72
Q

Cremant De Loire AOC- Did You Know?

A

Sparkling wines have long been produced in the Loire area. The Cremant De Loire AOC first came into being when INAO (the offical body regulating AOCs) issued a strict set of specifications to formalise the production of Cremant wine on a national scale. Given the skill and experience of the Loire region’s growers and producers, plus the favourable natural conditions, the production of Cremant De Loire has been able to develop smoothly over time.

73
Q

Cremant De Loire AOC- Climates

A

Temperate Oceanic climate in Anjou- Saumur, Oceanic and Continental in Touraine and the Loir Valley.

74
Q

Cremant Du Loire AOC- Soil Types

A

The Crèmant De Loire vineyards are spread across three areas- Anjou, Saumur and Touraine- explaining the wide variety of soil types.

78
Q

Cremant De Loire- Varietals, Colours and Style

A

White: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon, Chardonnay
Red: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis
Sparkling, White and Rose

79
Q

Cabernet de Saumur- Background

A

These slightly sweet rosés should not be limited to summer sipping, they are excellent accompaniments to a wide range of cuisines and make excellent aperitifs all year long as well.

80
Q

Cabernet de Saumur- Appellations

A

ABERNET D’ANJOU, CABERNET DE SAUMUR, ROSÉ D’ANJOU

81
Q

What styles are made in Cabernet de Saumur?

A

Off dry roses from Cabernet Franc

82
Q

Cabernet de Saumur- Vineyard

A

Location:
The Cabernet d’Anjou and Rosé d’Anjou appellations overlap with the AOC Anjou; the Cabernet de Saumur area is identical to the AOC Saumur region.

Surface Area:
Cabernet d’Anjou: 4,000 hectares / 9,884 acres

Rosé d’Anjou: 2,400 hectares / 5,930 acres

Cabernet de Saumur: 75 hectares / 185 acres

83
Q

Cabernet de Saumur- Wine

A

Annual Production:
Cabernet d’Anjou: 250,000 hl / 6,604,301 gallons
Rosé d’Anjou: 155,000 hl / 4,094,667 gallons
Cabernet de Saumur: 5,000 hl / 132,086 gallons

Yield:
55 hl/ha Cabernet d’Anjou
60 hl/ha Rosé d’Anjou and Cabernet de Saumur
Grape Varieties:

Cabernet d’Anjou and Cabernet de Saumur:
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon

Rosé d’Anjou: Grolleau, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay, Malbec

Residual Sugar Content:
Cabernet d’Anjou: 10 g/L minimum
Rosé d’Anjou: 7 g/L minimum, generally less than 20 g/L
Cabernet de Saumur: 10 g/L maximum

84
Q

Cabernet de Saumur- Tasting Notes

A

Appearance: Bright raspberry red or pale pink

Nose: Aromas of gooseberry, strawberry, roses with mint, white pepper

Flavors: Bursting with red berry and fruit flavors, slightly sweet with lively acidity to keep them refreshing.

WSET Diploma Unit 3: France (23 decks)

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