Ankle 1 - anatomy

Question 1

what are the three joint of the ankle

Answer 1

distal tib fib joint

talocural joint

subtalar joint

Question 2

what is the talocrual joint

Answer 2

articulation between the tib/fib and the talus

Question 3

what is the subtalar joint

Answer 3

between the talus and the calcaneus

Question 4

is the cuboid medial or lateral

Answer 4

lateral

Question 5

what border the navicular bone

Answer 5

the talus and the medial cuneiform

on the medial side

Question 6

what bones make up the rear foot

Answer 6

the calcaneus and the talus

the forefoot is everything else

Question 7

what two joint make up the line between the rearfoor and the forefoot

Answer 7

talonavicular and Calcaneal-cuboid

the two joints of the mid foot

Question 8

what arch of the foot deals with most of the body weight

Answer 8

the medial arch

it is flexible and can absorb shock

Question 9

what makes up the medial longitudinal arch

Answer 9

first met
medial cunieform
navicular
calcaneus

Question 10

what makes up the lateral long arch

Answer 10

calcaneus
cuboid
5th met

Question 11

what is the collective name for the medial ligaments of the ankle

Answer 11

deltoid ligaments

Question 12

what are the characteristics of the deltoid ligament

Answer 12

5 ligaments

strong fibrous structure

connects the tibia to the: navicular, calcaneus, and talus

stablizes the medial ankle

Question 13

what are the ligaments found in the deltoid triangle

Answer 13

tibionavicular

platar calcaneonavicular

Long plantar ligament

anterior tibiotalar
posterior tibiotalar

Question 14

what do the plantar ligaments stabilize

Answer 14

the medial long arch

Question 15

what are the lateral lig of the ankle

Answer 15

ant tibfib

ant talofib
post talofib

3. Calcaneal fibular

Question 16

ant tibfib ligament is associated with what ankle sprain

Answer 16

high ankle sprain

Question 17

ant tibfib resists what motion

Answer 17

PF and EV

Question 18

ant talofib characteristic

Answer 18

most commonly impacted

stressed with INV+PF

Question 19

what are the posterior ligaments of the ankle

Answer 19

post tib fib

post talofib

post tibotalar

Question 20

what ligaments are associated with chronic ankle sprains

Answer 20

subtalar ligaments

medial and lateral talocalcaneal lig

interosseus

cervical ligament

Question 21

where does the plantar fascia orginate

Answer 21

the medial tubercle of the calcaneus

from there is extends out to the toes

Question 22

what are the four compartments of the lower leg

Answer 22

anterior

lateral

deep post
sup post

Question 23

what muscles do we find in the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 23

tib ant

extensor digitorum longus

extensor hallicus longus

Question 24

what nerve is found in the anterior compartment

Answer 24

deep peroneal nerve

Question 25

what is found in the lateral compartment

Answer 25

peroneus longus and brevis

Question 26

what is the nerve for the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 26

superficial peroneal nerve

Question 27

what is in the superfical post compartment

Answer 27

plantaris gastroc soleus

Question 28

what is the nerve for the sup-post compartment

Answer 28

tibial nerve

Question 29

what is found in the deep post compartment

Answer 29

tib post flexor hallicus longus flexor digitorumlingus

Question 30

what is the nerve for the deep-post compartment

Answer 30

the tibial nerve

Question 31

what is the action of the tib ant

Answer 31

DF and inv

Question 32

what is the action of the extensor digitorumn longus

Answer 32

extends the toes (2-5) DF and EV

Question 33

what is the action of the extensor hallicus longus

Answer 33

extends the big toe DF and EV

Question 34

Tibialis Anterior insertion point

Answer 34

medial cuneiform to the base of the 1st met

Question 35

Ext Digitorum longus insertion point

Answer 35

middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

Question 36

Ext Hallicus Longus insertion point

Answer 36

base of the distal phalanx

Question 37

what is the action of the gastroc

Answer 37

PF of the foot and ankle

Question 38

what is the action of the soleus

Answer 38

PF of foot and ankle

Question 39

what is the action of the plantaris

Answer 39

weak PF

Question 40

what is the action of the tib post

Answer 40

PF and inv

Question 41

what is the action of the flexor digitorium longus

Answer 41

flexes toe 2-5 PF and inv

Question 42

what is the action of the flexor hallicus longus

Answer 42

flexes the great toe PF and inv

Question 43

what is the deep post compartment important in resisting

Answer 43

resisting pronation of the foot

Question 44

what is the order of the medial portion of the deep post compartment tendons and nerves

Answer 44

tib post FDL tendon posterior tibial art post tib nerve FHL tendon

Question 45

where does the tib post insert into

Answer 45

navicular cuneiform cuboid

Question 46

what is the insertion of FDL

Answer 46

bases of the distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits

Question 47

what is the insertions of the FHL

Answer 47

base of the distal phalanx of the great toe

Question 48

what is the action of the peronus longus

Answer 48

PF and everts PF the first ray

Question 49

what is the action of the peronus brevis

Answer 49

PF and everts

Question 50

what is the insertion of the peroneus longus

Answer 50

medial foot near the first met

Question 51

what is the insertion of the peroneus brevis

Answer 51

othe styloid of the 5th met

Question 52

is there any vascularization in the lateral comartment

Answer 52

no

Question 53

what is the vasculature of the anterior compartment

Answer 53

ant tibial art

Question 54

what is the vaculature of the post compartment

Answer 54

posterior tibial art

Question 55

what is the tarsal tunnel

Answer 55

the is underneath the medial malleolus where all the flexor tendon run

Question 56

what is tarsal tunnel syndrome - mech

Answer 56

neurovaculare compromise of the tibial nerve or the posterior tibial art space occupying lesion in the tarsal tunnel that creates compression

Question 57

what is tarsal tunnel syndrome - presentation

Answer 57

burning pin and needles temp changes to the bottom aspect of the foot

Question 58

what are some examples of space occupying lesion that causes tarsal tunnel syndrome

Answer 58

inflammed tendon increased fluid and swelling in the tarsal tunnel mass of tissue

Question 59

sagittal plane foot movement

Answer 59

PF and DF

Question 60

do you normally have more PF or DF

Answer 60

PF

Question 61

what is the normal amount of DF

Answer 61

15 - 20

Question 62

what is the normal about of PF

Answer 62

30 - 50

Question 63

what is the movement seen at the talocural joint

Answer 63

PF and DF

Question 64

do we have more inv or evr

Answer 64

inv

Question 65

what is the normal inv ROM

Answer 65

25 - 30

Question 66

what is normal evr ROM

Answer 66

5 -15

Question 67

what joint provides for inv and evr

Answer 67

the subtalar joint also allows some abd/add

Question 68

what are the two mid-tarsal joint axises

Answer 68

longitudinal and oblique

Question 69

what is the overall movement we see at the midtarsal joint

Answer 69

Env/inv DF/PF

Question 70

whta movements do we see at the longitudinal axis

Answer 70

eversion inversion

Question 71

what movement do we see at the oblique axis

Answer 71

DF/abd (pronation) PF/add (supination)

Question 72

is there any primary joint that provides for abd and add

Answer 72

nope

Question 73

what is the triplane motion we find in the ankle

Answer 73

pronation and supination

Question 74

what movement make up supination

Answer 74

PF - talocural, oblique ADD - multi-joint inversion - subtalar, longitudinal

Question 75

what movements make up pronation

Answer 75

DF - talocural, oblique ABD - multi-joint IN - subtalar, longitudinal

Question 76

what direction does the calcaneus go with pronation

Answer 76

in

Question 77

what direction does the calcaneus go with supination

Answer 77

out

Question 78

how much motion of the first MTP do you need for normal gait

Answer 78

75-deg

Question 79

in which part of gait when does the forefoot joint become more mobile

Answer 79

loading to midstance

Question 80

is the foot more mobile in pronation or supination

Answer 80

pronation

Question 81

in which part of gait does the forefoot become more rigid

Answer 81

mid-stance to toe-off

Question 82

what are the ottowa ankle rules

Answer 82

pain in the malleolar or midfoot either inability to weight bear imm after the injury of four steps in the ED or bone tenderness of the posterior edge of the tib or fib or medial or lateral mall bone tenderness at the navicular or base of 5th met

Question 83

what is the purpose of the Ottowas ankle rules

Answer 83

to determine the need for radiographs after an acute ankle issue

Question 84

what is the OPP for the talocural joint

Answer 84

PF: 20-30

Question 85

what is the closed packed position for the talo cural joint

Answer 85

max DF

Question 86

what is the OPP for the subtalar joint

Answer 86

middle position

Question 87

what is the CPP for the subtalar joint

Answer 87

max ext