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MSK basics > shoulder 1 - anatomy > Flashcards

shoulder 1 - anatomy Flashcards

(112 cards)

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1
Q

shoulder ROM - flexion

A

150 - 180

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2
Q

shoulder ROM - extension

A

50 -60

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3
Q

shoulder ROM - abd

A

150 -180

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4
Q

shoulder ROM - ER

A

90

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5
Q

shoulder ROM - IR

A

50 -60

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6
Q

how does the humeral head sit

A

superior

medial

posteriorly

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7
Q

what is a the shape of the glenoid

A

projects laterally and anteriorly

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8
Q

SITS of the humeral - what do they do together

A

they all act to compress the humeral head into the center of the humeral head

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9
Q

the superior facet of the humeral - what is muscle

A

supraspinatus

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10
Q

what does the supraspinatus help with for the humerous and the glenoid

A

abd, IR

15 - 30

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11
Q

what is on the middle facet

A

infraspinatus

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12
Q

what is on the inferior facet

A

teres minor

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13
Q

what is on the lessar tubercle

A

the subscapularis

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14
Q

what are the glenohumeral ligaments

A

composed of a superior, middle and inferior ligament

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15
Q

what does the superior glenohumeral lig resist

A

inf

ant/pot translation

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16
Q

what does the middle glenohumeral lig resist

A

ant translation and ER

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17
Q

what makes up the inferior glenoidhumeral ligament

A

anterior band

posterior band

axillary pouch

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18
Q

what movements does the inferior glenoidhumeral ligament resist

A

inf and ant/post translations

anterior band - ER

posterior band - IR

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19
Q

the acromional clavicular joint - what movement do we see here

A

axial rotation of the clavical

this can help to adjust the angulation between the scapula and the clavicle

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20
Q

what movement do we see at the sterno-clavicular joint

A

protraction and retract

elevation and depression

axial rot

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21
Q

what is the function of the scapula

A

glenoid - serves as a platform for the humeral head

site of muscle attachment - 17

serves to transfer force from the trunk to the UE

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22
Q

what is the normal resting position of the scapula

A

medial border is almost verticle

abd 6 cm from the spine

tilted anteriorly approximatly 20-deg

5-10 of upward rot

35 IR

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23
Q

what does the resting position of the scapula create

A

the resting plane

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24
Q

what is scapular humeral rhythm

A

it is the total elvation of the arm

60- scapular thoracic joint

120 - at the gleniod humeral joint

2:1 ratio at teh shoulder

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25
what is the path of the scapular humeral rhythm
first 60 GH dominant next 60 GH and SC last 60 scapular upward rotation
26
what is the ROM for isolated GH rhythm - flexion
120
27
what is the ROM for isolated GH rhythm - abd
120
28
what is the ROM for isolated GH rhythm - IR
65
29
what is the ROM for isolated GH rhythm - ER
90
30
what happens at the humerus with IR and ER rot
it spins ant and post
31
what are the normal artho if the GH joint
convex moving on concave combine rot and translation to keep the humerous centered on the glenoid
32
what do we scarfice in the GH joint
stablility for mobility
33
how help to provide more stability at the GH joint
the labrum art cart
34
artho of - flexion
ant superior roll posteior inf glide
35
arthro of - ext
posterior inf roll ant sup glide
36
arthro of - abd
sup roll inf glide
37
arthro of - add
inf roll sup glide
38
arthro of - ER
posterior roll anterior glide
39
arthro of - IR
anterior roll posterior glide
40
artho of - horizontal abd
posterio lateral roll ant-med glide
41
arthro of - horizontal add
ant-med roll post-lat glide
42
what is GH motion controlled by
active and passive restraits and their interaction
43
what are the passive restraits of the GH joint
bony geo labrum capsuloligamentous structures negative intra articular pressure - the capsule is a close envrioment
44
what is the labrum
a fibrocartilgounous ring that arrises from the glenoid it deepend the joint socket
45
what is the primary attachment site for the GH lig
the labrum
46
what tendon goes into the labrum
the long head of the biceps
47
where does the coracohumeral ligament run
from the coracoid to the head of the humerous
48
what is the transverse ligament in the shoulder region
around the long head of the biceps tendon
49
when is the coracohumeral ligament taut
abd and inferior translation of the humeral head
50
restraints to ER - 0 abd
CH lig SGHL subscapularis
51
restraints to ER - 45 abd
MGHL
52
restraints to ER - 90 abd
anterior band of the IGHL
53
when is the subscap an effect restraint to ER
when the arm is at its side it is not effective when the arm is in 90-deg of abd
54
restraints to IR - 0 abd
posterior band of the IGHL
55
restraints to IR - 45 abd
ant and posterior band of the IGHL
56
restraints to IR - 90 abd
ant and posterior band of the IGHL
57
restraints to inf translation - 0 abd
SGHL CH-L
58
restraints to inf translation - 90 abd
IGHL
59
is there a lot of movement seen at the AC joint
no
60
what two muscles cover theAC joint
deltoid upper trap
61
what are the coracoclavicular lig
conoid (meidal) trapezoid (lateral) this is the primary support of the AC joint
62
what movements are seen at the AC joint
axial rotation (spin) adjusts the angulation between the scapula and the clavicle
63
what kind of joint is the SC joint
sellar
64
what is connecting with the SC joint
clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum
65
what movement do we see at the SC joint
protraction and retraction elevation and depression axial rot
66
what do we expect to see on the dominant hand side of the scapula
depressed downwardly rotated anteriorly tilted
67
what makes the borders of the subacromion space
coracoarcomional lig acromion humerus and its ligaments
68
what are the structures that we find in the subacromional space
long head of the biceps superior capsule supraspinatus tendon upper margins of infraspinatus and subscapularis muscle subacromial bursa inf surface of the AC joint
69
what is the clinical relevance of the subacriomal space
the structures in this area can be impinged with UE movement
70
what does the elvation of the arm require
ER of the humerus to clear the greater tubercle upward rot of the scapula to elevate the lateral end of the acromion
71
what happens if there is a primary impingement of the SA-space
structure stenosis of the SA-space structural narrowing
72
what does primary impingement mean
process in which pain in the shoulder is caused mechinical rubbing of the RC tendons by surrounding structures
73
what happens if there is a secondary impingement of the SA-space
functional stenosis of the SA-space due to irregular arthro
74
what are the active restraits of the shoulder region - prime movers
deltoid pect major lats teres major biceps coracobrachialis triceps
75
what are the four muscle of the RC
subscapularis supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor
76
what is the primary function of the RC muscle
keep the humeral head in contact with the glenoid
77
what is the function of the subscapularis
internal rotator depresses the Humeral head
78
what is the function of the supraspinatus
abd - first 30-deg (works with the deltoid) ER superior compressor
79
infra spinatus and teres minor function
ER posterior compressor
80
what is the nerve that innervates - subscapularis
suprascapular nerve
81
what is the nerve that innervates - supraspinatus
suprascapular nerve
82
what is the nerve that innervates - infraspinatus
suprascapular nerve
83
what is the nerve that innervates - teres minor
axillary nerve
84
when does the axillary pouch or the IGHL engadge
90-deg
85
what nerve wraps around the neck of the humerous
the axillary nerve
86
rotator cuff interval location
area between the supraspinatus and subscapularis and the base of the coracoid
87
what is the rotator interval
an area in the shoulder that the RC fails to cover one of the most common areas for dislocation - 90, 90
88
what help to reinforce the RI
the long head of the biceps and the coracohumeral ligament
89
what other area is not covered by the RC
inferiorly
90
what muscle assists the deltoid with abd
the supraspinatus
91
what are the three muscles that depress the humeral head
subscapualris teres minor infraspinatus (done during arm elevation)
92
what is the transverse plane force couple
supcapularis and infraspinatus/teres minor
93
what does the transverse plane force couple do
they pull the humerus into the glenoid
94
what is the frontal plane force couple
deltoid and inf RC (sub, infra, teres)
95
what does the frontal plane force couple do
the deltoid raises the arm - pulls the humerus up the inf RC counteracts the action of the deltoid - inf compressor
96
what does a distruption of the transverse plane force couple result in
ant or post mirgaration of the umeral head due to - weakness - paralysis - tear
97
what does a distruption of the frontal plane force couple result in
superior migration of the humeral head
98
is the supra in torn are the force couple okay
yes - normal strength and function possible the essential force couple remain the larger the tear the greater the dysfunction
99
posterior cuff tear - force couple distribution
weakness with ER and little active elevation as possible
100
subscap tear - force couples distribution
weakness with IR little active UE elevation
101
long head of the biceps - general effects on the RC
increase torsional rigity to ER - resistant to the twisting force
102
long head of the biceps and a slap lesion
this decrease the ability of the tendon to act as a supressor
103
what is a slap lesion
a superior labral lesion running A-P
104
what muscles play a role in scapulo-thoracic movement
traps - all rhomoid serratus anterior levator scapule pect minor subclavius
105
action of rhomoid major and minor
Scapular retraction and downward rotation; fix scapula to thoracic wall
106
Levator Scapulae function
Scapular elevation and downward rotation
107
lats action
raises the body toward the arms when climbing shoulder ext, add, IR
108
upper traps function
scap elevation
109
middle traps function
scap retraction
110
lower traps function
scap depression
111
serratus anterior function
responsible for the anterolateral motion of the scapula, which allows for arm elevation
112
force couple at the ST joint
serratus ant - inferior angle of the scap ant-laterally upper traps - pull the scap mediallu middle and lower traps - stablize during upward rotation

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