Ankle Complex

Question 0

Talocrural open & closed pack and capsular patter

Answer 0

Open: 10 degrees plantar flexion and midway btwn max inversion and eversion
Closed pack: max dorsiflexion
Capsular pattern: plantar flexion, dorsiflexion

Question 1

The talocrural joint is what type of joint and moves through how many planes?

Answer 1

Hinge

triplanar bc oblique axis passes through 3 planes

Question 2

End feel for talocrural joint and subtalar joint?

Answer 2

inversion - firm

eversion - hard (talus runs into fibula)

Question 3

Capsular pattern for subtalar joint

Answer 3

inversion

Question 4

Capsular pattern for midtarsal joint

Answer 4

inversion

Question 5

capsular pattern for metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and Interphalangeal (IP) joints

Answer 5

1st MTP and all IPs extension, flexion; 2nd-5th MTPs flexion and extension

Question 6

MTP open and closed pack

Answer 6

Open: neutral
Closed: full extension

Question 7

IP open and close pack

Answer 7

Open: slight flexion
Closed: full extension

Question 8

Normal ROM for 1st MTP

Answer 8

flexion - 45

extension - 70

Question 9

Normal ROM for ankle in dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, eversion, subtalar inversion and subtalaar eversion

Answer 9

DF - 20
PF - 50
Inv - 35
ever - 15
sub i - 5
sub e -5

Question 10

hindfoot is made up of these bones

Answer 10

talus and calcaneous

Question 11

the midfoot is made up of

Answer 11

navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms

Question 12

the forefoot is made up of these bones

Answer 12

metatarsals and phalanges

Question 13

3 main functions of ankle and foot

Answer 13

Absorb shock during beginning of stance phase
Adapt to shape of ground
provide stable base of support

Question 14

Term used to describe what is happening at the foot and ankle for someone that is flat footed

Answer 14

pronation

Question 15

combination of plantar flexion, inversion and adduction

Answer 15

supination

Question 16

combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction

Answer 16

Pronation

Question 17

When calcaneus is situated away from midline

Answer 17

calcaneal valgus

Question 18

Position in which the distal located toward the medline (calcaneous0

Answer 18

calcaneal varus

Question 19

Fibula moves in this direction and this motion with full dorsiflexion bc of the motion of the talus

Answer 19

posteriorly

externally rotates

Question 20

This is the true ankle joint

Answer 20

talocrural joint

Question 21

The tibia and fibula make up the _____ part while the Talus makes up the ____ part (when talking of the design of the true ankle joint

Answer 21

mortise

tenon

Question 22

Subtalar joint is the articulation btwn these bones along this axis and this type of joint

Answer 22

talus and calcaneus
oblique axis
plane synovial

Question 23

the midtarsal joint is aka and is the articulation btwn

Answer 23

transverse tarsal joint

talus and navicular; calcaneus and cuboid

Question 24

The deltoid ligament is a group of medial ligaments that have a triangular shape which help maintain this arch; name arch and ligaments from anterior to posterior

Answer 24

``` longitudinal arch anterior tibiotalar ligament tibionavicular ligament tibiocalcaneal ligament posterior tibiotalar ligament ```

Question 25

Lateral ligaments are (from anterior to posterior) which is most commonly sprained?

Answer 25

Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) *most commonly sprained Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Question 26

The three arches of the foot are:

Answer 26

Medial Lateral Transverse

Question 27

The arch is maintained by:

Answer 27

1. shape of bones 2. Plantar ligaments and fascia 3. Muscles (15-20%; mainly invertors and evertors and intrinsic foot muscles)

Question 28

Describe the medial longitudinal arch and the keystone bone and supported by

Answer 28

from calcaneus through talus navcular, and three cuneiforms to the first three metatarsals Talus is the keystone supported by Tom Dick Harry

Question 29

Describe the lateral longitudinal arch keystone bone and supported by

Answer 29

from calcaneus through cuboid to 4th and 5th metatarsals cuboid is keystone supported by peroneus longus and intrinsics and long and short plantar ligaments and plantar fascia

Question 30

Describe the transverse arch; keystone bone; supported by

Answer 30

runs side to side from cuboid to 1st cuneiform Keystone is 2nd cuneiform supported by peroneus longus and intrinsics

Question 31

plantar fascia goes from ----- to -----; supports this arch:

Answer 31

calcaneus to proximal phalanges; ties anterior and posterior foot together medial longitudinal arch

Question 32

common overuse injury and usually presents as heel pain

Answer 32

plantar fasciitis