Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Prosthetics/Orthotics > Ankle Components & Transtibial Amputation > Flashcards

Ankle Components & Transtibial Amputation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of a non-articulating prosthetic foot?

A

SACH (Solid- ankle- cushioned heel)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Typically patients in K1 level will get what type of prosthetic feet?

A
  • SACH feet
  • Single axis feet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the articulating feet?

A
  • Single Axis feet
  • Multi-axial feet
  • Dynamic response/energy storing feet
  • Multi-axial dynamic response feet
  • Microprocessor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Typically patients in K2 level will get what type of prosthetic feet?

A

Multi-axial feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Typically patients in K3 level will get what type of feet?

A
  • Dynamic response/energy storing feet
  • Multi-axial dynamic response feet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Typically patients in K4 level will get what type of feet?

A
  • Microprocessor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe a SACH

A
  • Light weight
  • Inexpensive
  • Wooden or metal keel that extends to the MTP joints
  • Rubber heel allows for shock absorption
  • Allows for plantarflexion at loading response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a keel?

A

Rigid, which provides midstance stability but little lateral movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a SACH Foot?

A

Soft rubber heel wedge that mimics ankle action by compressing under load during the early part of the stance phase of walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the wearer prevent the knee from buckling when using a SACH foot?

A

The wearer must actively control the prosthesis to prevent the knee from buckling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What mobility is allowed by a SACH Foot?

A

Ankle joint that allows the foot to move up & down, enhancing knee stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What motion is allowed by the single axis foot?

A
  • Some sagittal motion allowed and controlled by interchangeable anterior & posterior bumpers
  • DF 5-7°
  • PF 15°
  • No transverse or frontal plane movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which type of foot may be more appropriate for individual where stability is a concern (Single axis or SACH) and why?

A
  • Single axis
  • Reduces the effort required to prevent buckling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the disadvantages of single axis compared to SACH?

A
  • Heavier
  • More maintenance required than SACH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What motion does multi-axis foot allow?

A
  • Pronation & supination (eversion/Inversion)
  • Sagittal DF/PF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does multi-axis foot allow the wearer to be able to do?

A
  • Cope with uneven terrain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the disadvantages of multi-axis foot?

A
  • More expensive
  • Can be heavier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe a multi-axis foot in regards to movement and protection

A
  • Similar to single axis foot in terms of weight, durability & cost
  • Multi-axis foot conforms better to uneven surface
  • can move from side to side in addition to up and down
  • Added ankle motion absorbs some of the stresses of walking, this helps to protect both the skin & the prosthesis from wear & tear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does the leaf spring work in dynamic response/energy storage?

A
  • Leaf spring stores energy during rocker & releases energy
  • As cadence or activity increases the dynamic response increased, & results in greater energy return
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who is the ideal patient for a multi-axial dynamic response foot?

A
  • Vary walking speed, change directions quickly or walk long distance
  • People with active lifestyles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does the multi - axial dynamic response foot store & release energy during walking cycle?

A

By absorbing energy in the keep during the “roll-over” phase and then springing back to provide a subjective sense of push off for the wearer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Some dynamic response feet feature a split-toe design, what does this do?

A
  • Further increases stability by mimicking the inversion/eversion movements of the human ankle & foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the comfort and responsiveness of dynamic response foot encourage?

A

Individual to advance from a more moderate activity level to a higher activity level, given the more natural feel of walking with this type of prosthetic foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the microprocessor foot automatically do?

A
  • Provides DF during swing phase that allows sufficient ground clearance
  • Active ankle motion allows user to tuck both feet behind their knees when getting up from a chair
  • PF foot for more natural appearance when seated
25
Q

What are the advantages of a microprocessor foot?

A
  • Provides push off
  • Increased ability to self-select gait speed
  • Less energy expenditure
26
Q

What are disadvantages of Microprocessor foot?

A
  • Poor battery life
  • Heavy
  • Expensive
27
Q

What should be considered when choosing the appropriate foot?

A
  • Prosthetic user activity level
  • Ability or potential to reach a higher level
  • Cosmetic appearance-toes, veins, medial/lateral malleoli
  • Ability to resist moisture
  • Heel height
  • Vocational/recreational
  • Maintenance/ distance to prosthetist
28
Q

What is a transtibial amputation and what motion are lost?

A
  • Removal of the lower extremity below the knee joint
  • Loss of active foot & ankle motions
29
Q

Where is the fibular transected to avoid distal fibula pain?

A

1-2 cm shorter than the tibia

30
Q

How much length of the tibia is preserved with a short transtibial amputation and what motion is difficult?

A
  • Less than 20% of tibial length
  • Small moment arm making knee extension difficult
31
Q

How much length of the tibia is preserved with a standard transtibial amputation ?

A

20 - 50%

32
Q

How much of the tibia is required below the knee joint for optimal fitting of prosthesis?

A

At least 8cm

33
Q

How much length is preserved in long transtibial amputation?

A

50% of tibial length

34
Q

Why is long transtibial amputation not usually advised?

A

Poor blood supply to the distal leg

35
Q

What is the ideal length of the tibia after transtibial amputation?

A

12-15 cm

36
Q

What occurs during surgery in an Ewing Amputation?

A

Agonist-antagnonist Myoneural interface (AMIs) are created by linking muscle pairs within the residual limb

37
Q

What is the aim of the Ewing amputation?

A
  • Aimed to provide proprioceptive feedback & better control of prosthetic device
  • Embodiment
38
Q

What are pressure sensitive area after transtibial amputations?

A
  • Fibular head
  • End of fibula
  • shin bone
  • end of tibia
  • Hamstring tendons
39
Q

What are the two socket designs for transtibial prosthetic?

A
  • Paterllar Tendon bearing (PTB)
  • Total surface bearing
40
Q

What are the suspension systems for transtibial?

A
  • Thigh corset
  • Pin system
  • Suction suspension
  • Vacuum Assisted socket system
41
Q

Where is indentation in patellar tendon bearing?

A
  • Patellar tendon
42
Q

How is the suspension system generated in patellar tendon bearing socket?

A

At medial & lateral areas of the femoral condyles

43
Q

Where does the medial & lateral walls extend in patellar tendon bearing?

A

Extend above femoral condyles

44
Q

What are the challenges of the patellar tendon bearing?

A
  • Active amputees the PTB trim lines/suspension too restrictive (limiting knee flexion)
  • Can piston
  • Some amputees can’t tolerate pressure on their patellar tendon
45
Q

How is suspension generated in total surface bearing socket?

A

Means of adhesion between residual limb and silicon liner

46
Q

Where is weight distributed in total surface bearing socket?

A

over the residual limb surface

47
Q

What are the advantages of total surface bearing socket?

A
  • Active amputees- lower trim lines
  • Reduced pistoning due to total contact
  • Increase proprioception due to WB
  • Suspension is between in the socket using locking pins of suction
  • Believed to be more comfy
48
Q

What are the disadvantages of total surface bearing?

A
  • Can have challenges for 1st amputees due to volume changes in 12-18 months
  • Challenges for individuals on dialysis
  • Challenges for individuals with short residual limbs (<10 cm long)
  • Pain at distal of residual limb
  • Increased perspiration (silicon liner)
  • Not preferred for individual with visual/sensory disturbances or hemiparesis due to difficulties donning/doffing
  • Excessive soft tissue (uncomfy)
49
Q

What is pistoning?

A

Undesirable motion, residual limb moves up and down within socket

50
Q

What is suspension?

A

Method by which the artificial limb is attached to the body

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of thigh corset?

A
  • heavier
  • May cause pistoning
  • Difficult to don
  • Not as common
52
Q

What is the advantages of the pin system suspension system?

A
  • Helps with pistoning
  • Unrestricted knee flexion & minimal pistoning
53
Q

When is the pin system suspension system indicated?

A

Scarred or sensitive limbs

54
Q

T/F: The pin system is commonly used

A

True

55
Q

What are the advantages of sleeve suspension?

A
  • Cosmetic
  • Airtight
  • Showering
  • Unrestricted knee motion
56
Q

What are the disadvantages of sleeve suspension?

A
  • Not durable
  • Hygiene problems
  • Need good hand function to don/doff
57
Q

What is the advantage and disadvantage of suction suspension systems?

A
  • Advantage: Can add sock ply as needed for volume fluctuations
  • Disadvantage: Pistoning can occur
58
Q

What are the benefits of vacuum-assisted socket system?

A
  • Promote fluid exchange
  • Reduce moisture build up
  • Regulates volume fluctuations
  • Increases proprioceptive awareness of the residual limb
  • Helps to control pistoning
  • May help with wound healing
59
Q

What are the disadvantages of the vaccum- assisted socket system?

A
  • Expensive
  • Heavier
  • Can be noisy

Prosthetics/Orthotics (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions