Orthotics Foundational Concepts

Question 1

What is the definition of orthosis?

Answer 1

• Straight, upright or correct
• Externally applied device used to modify the structural or functional characteristics of NM system
• External appliance worn to restrict or assist motion or to transfer load from one area to another

Question 2

What is the definition of a splint?

Answer 2

Temporary device, only static properties

Question 3

What is an orthotist?

Answer 3

Trained individual who fabricated orthoses

Question 4

What does CO stand for?

Answer 4

Certified orthotist

Question 5

What does CPO stand for?

Answer 5

Certified orthotist prosthetist

Question 6

Name some ways that orthotics can can improve function

Answer 6

• Immobilize and protect weak, painful or healing M-S segments
• Relief of pain by limiting ROM or WB
• Reduction of axial load
• Prevent or correct deformity
• Enhance motor control function

Question 7

What are three important ideas when considering the comfort of an orthotic?

Answer 7

• Maximize contact
• Snug fit
• Leverage

Question 8

If there is a bending force (compression & tension) control is painted by what type of pressure system?

Answer 8

3 point

Question 9

Describe a 3 point pressure system?

Answer 9

Involves a proximal and distal force on one side and a counterbalancing force on the opposite side

Question 10

What is shear force?

Answer 10

Forces applied parallel to a surface

Question 11

What is torsion?

Answer 11

Twisting force around an axis

Question 12

The longer the orthosis the (smaller or greater) the leverage

Answer 12

Greater

Question 13

As the length of the lever arm from the axis increases, the amount of force necessary to maintain the position (increase or decrease)

Answer 13

Decreases

Question 14

What is the definition of a flexible deformity?

Answer 14

Alignment of part can be corrected to a neutral or optimal position

Question 15

What is the definition of a rigid deformity?

Answer 15

Neutral alignment is not possible

Question 16

What is the difference of between interim vs definitive duration of use?

Answer 16

• Interim: short term
• Definitive: Long term

Question 17

What makes an orthotic dynamic?

Answer 17

Mechanically facilitates active movement

Question 18

What makes an orthotic static?

Answer 18

• Maintains joint position/alignment
• Would allow movement if hinged

Question 19

How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being plastic?

Answer 19

Plastic thigh, calf and foot component

Question 20

How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being metal?

Answer 20

Metal calf component attached to a shoe

Question 21

How do you know if an orthotic is classified as being hybrid?

Answer 21

Metal calf component attached to a plastic foot component

Question 22

What is the difference between custom vs stock?

Answer 22

• Custom: Made to shape of individual
• Stock: Come in small, medium, large

Question 23

What is the difference between bars and bands?

Answer 23

• Bars: Material oriented in vertical direction & rigid
• Bands: Rigid material that is horizontal

Question 24

How do you know if an orthotic is rigid?

Answer 24

Will have bars and bands

Question 25

How do you know if an orthotic is semirigid?

Answer 25

will have either bars or bands

Question 26

How do you know if an orthotic is flexible?

Answer 26

No bars or bands

Question 27

T/F: Only spinal and knee orthosis are classified using the terms, rigid, semirigid and flexible

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T/F: all orthosis can be classified using the terms plastic, metal or hybrid

Answer 28

False: Only AFO, KFO, HFO & SMO