ANP 23 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Burns only a few more calories than laying down
Bipeds
requires constant movement and burns a lot of calories
Quadrupeds
series of bones from the base of the skull to the top of the sacrum
Vertebral column
Cervical vertebrae: smallest
Neck
Thoracic vertebrae; Medium
Thorax
Lumber vertebrae; largest/bulkiest
lower back
C-shaped curve- puts the center of gravity in front of the feet (fall/tip forward)
Quadrupeds
S-shaped curve - center of gravity back over the hips/legs, weight passed down the spine
Bipedal
hole that allows the brain and spinal cord to connect is directly beneath of the base of the skull
foramen magnum
Made of the sacrum and two innominate bones which is made from three fused bones
pelvic gridle
hip bones
Illum
you sit on part of it
Ischium
front of the innominate/pubic region
pubis
The pelvis of a _______ is basin-shaped with a short broad ilium
biped
the ______ ilium is long and flat and situated toward the back of the animal
Quadruped
Muscles that attach to both the biped ilium and top of the femur (thigh bone) making it possible to stand on one leg
gluteus minimus and Glutes medius muscles
bottom of the femur
femoral condyles
the foot is composed of three types of bones
Tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
the foot has two arches that act as shock absorbers:
transverse arch and longitudinal arch
When looking for hominin record we look for :
Bipedalism or quadrupeds
Apes and humans have ________ dentition with several tooth types each with different function
heterodont
Lower vertebrates (Lizards, fish, etc) which tend to have a ________ dentition, t4eeth look alike and have same purposes
homodont
used to differentiate fossil apes from fossil hominins
CP3 honing complex (Canine- premolar)
