ANS Flashcards
(36 cards)
what are alpha 1 receptors called
vasopressors
what is the fuction of alpha 1 and where are they located
they are resposible for smooth mucles vasocontriction when stimulated
- found on in the postsynaptic space unlike alpha 2 which are found in the presynaptic space
give an example of a vasopressor
phenylephedrine
what are beta 1 receptors called and what are they specific to
ionotropes, they are specific to the heart
what is an example of an inotrope
dobutamine
what does alpha 1 stimulation lead to
increased contractility of the heart muscle
give an example of an alpha and beta antagonist and what it does
Labetalol, it drops blood pressure and heart rate
why cant you give beta blockers to asmatics
- they can cause bronchospasm due to blockage of the beta 2 receptor
what does magnasium salphate do
- treats unexplained high blood pressure
- give 1to 2 grams.
- also used to treat preeclampsia
- can also be used to treat asthma
what do Alpha receptor antagonists treat
- pheochromocytoma
- ## they oppose the function of phenylephedrine
give examples of alpha receptor antagonists and where they act
- Phentolamine – α1 and 2
- Phenoxybenzamine - α1 (non-competitive)
- Prazosin and Doxazosin - α1
what is the afferent pathway important for
- reflex regulation
- sensory feedback
- it travels from tartget/peripheral tissue to CNS
indirect acting cholinegic agent
what does rivastigmine treat
Alzheimers
indirect acting cholinegic agent
what does Neostigmine treat
- Myasthenia gravis
- is a reversal agent for non-depolarising muscle relaxants following surgery
indirect acting cholinegic agent
what does physostigmine treat
Myasthenia gravis
indirect acting cholinegic agent
what does pyridostigmine treat
- Myasthenia gravis
- is a reversal agent for non-depolarising muscle relaxants following surgery
indirect acting cholinegic agent
what is edrophonium used for
diagnosis of myastigna gravis
which agent is the only irreversible indirect acting cholinegic agent
Organophosphorus compounds
Direct acting cholinergic agents (agonists)
what is Methacholien used for
to asess airway reversibility in the diagnosis of asthma
Direct acting cholinergic agents (agonists)
what is Pilocarpine used for
for the management of glaucoma in consultation with a specialist
Direct acting cholinergic agents (agonists)
what is mascarine and where is it found
- it is an alkaloid toxin
- it can be found in wild mashrooms
what is the most frequent early sign of myastigna gravis
- drooping eye lid
- diagnosis can be confirmed by using neostigmine
what happens in myastigna gravis
you have receptors for ach blocked by antibodeis and this then in turn causes muscular weakness
what does DUMBELSS stand for and what causes this phenomenon
- diarrhoea
- urination
- miosis
- bronchocontriction
- skeletal exitation
- lacrimation
- salvation
- sweating
- this is caused by prolonged exposure of Ach due to the blockage of AchE inhibition to help improve muscle strength in autoimmune disorders such as neostigmine.
