ANS Flashcards
0
Q
SANS
A
Thoracolumbar
1
Q
Branches of ANS
A
SANS
PSANS
ENS
2
Q
PSANS
A
Craniosacral
3
Q
Sympa effect on blood vessels of skeletal muscles
A
Vasodilation (suntok!)
4
Q
Sympa effect on penis
A
Ejaculation
5
Q
Alpha 1 are found where
A
Pupils, peripheral bv (nasal mucosa, gi, splanchnic, skin), urinary bladder
6
Q
Alpha 1 is paired with what metabotrope
A
Gq
7
Q
Alpha 2 is paired with what G
A
Gi (presynaptic)
Gq (postsynaptic)
8
Q
M2 are found where
A
Heart
9
Q
M3 are found where
A
All over the body
10
Q
Nicotinic ganglionic receptors are found where
A
CNS
11
Q
Nicotinic muscular are found where
A
Skeletal muscles
12
Q
Beta 1 are found
A
Heart
13
Q
Beta 2 are found
A
Bronchioles
14
Q
Beta 3 are found
A
Adipose
15
Q
Acetylcholine
A
Direct acting cholinergic agonist, Nonselective choline ester, with shortest duration
16
Q
Choline ester with shortest DOA
A
Acetylcholine (easily degraded by acetylcholinesterase)
17
Q
M selective choline esters
A
Betanechol
Metacholine
18
Q
Betanechol
A
Most m selective choline ester; direct cholinergic agonist
19
Q
Nonselective choline esters
A
Acetylcholine
Carbachol
20
Q
Choline esters not affected by acetylcholinesterases
A
Betanechol
Metacholine
Carbachol
21
Q
Acetylcholine, Betanechol, Metacholine, Carbachol
Nicotine, Lobeline, Muscarine, Pilocarpine
are what?
A
Direct cholinergic agonists
22
Q
Alkaloid direct cholinergic agonists
A
Nicotine
Lobeline
Muscarine
Pilocarpine
23
Q
More n selective direct acting cholinergic agonists
A
Nicotine
Lobeline
24
Lobeline comes from?
Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco)
25
Most commonly used alkaloid direct cholinergic agonist
Pilocarpine
26
How do indirect cholinergic agonists work?
Inhibits acetylcholinesterase
27
Indirect cholinergic agonists
E - edrophonium
C - carbamates
O - organophosphates
28
Indirect cholinergic agonists with longest DOA
Organophosphates
29
Used for Dx of Myasthenia gravis
Edrophonium
30
Used for Myasthenia gravis
Carbamates
| Organophosphates
31
Carbamates
Physostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Neostigmine
Carbaryl
32
Physostigmine comes from?
Physostigma venenosum (calabar bean)
33
Irreversible indirect cholinergic agonists
Organophosphates
34
Indirect cholinergic agonists with electrostatic bonds
Edrophonium
35
Organophosphates
Echothiopate
Malathion
Parathion
Soman
36
Only organophosphate used pharmaceutically
Echothiopate
37
Malathion and parathion are used as what?
Insecticides
38
Pilocarpine category and use
Direct cholinergic agonist
| Glaucoma
39
Physostigmine
Carbamate, indirect cholinergic agonists
40
Neostigmine
Carbamates, indirect cholinergic agonist
41
Carbaryl
Carbamates, indirect cholinergic agonist
42
Betanechol and Neostigmine are mainly used for?
Ileus
43
-TROP
Cholinergic antagonists
44
Prototype cholinergic antagonist
Atropine
45
Longest acting cholinergic antagonist
Atropine
46
Highest CNS penetration cholinergic antagonist
Scopolamine (with sedation)
47
Cyclopentolate
Muscarinic antagonist
48
Tropicamide
Muscarinic antagonist
49
Ipratropium
Muscarinic antagonist
50
Tiotropium
Muscarinic antagonist
51
Scopolamine is also known as?
Hyoscine
52
Atropine is also known as?
Hyoscyamine
53
M3 selective antagonists (spares the heart)
Solifenacin
Darifenacin
Oxybutynin
54
Solifenacin
M3 antagonist
55
Darifenacin
M3 antagonist
56
Oxybutynin
M3 antagonist
57
Trimetaphan
Ng antagonist for HTN emergency
58
Mecamylamine
Ng antagonist for nicotine cessation
59
Ng antagonist for HTN emergency
Trimetaphan
60
Ng antagonist for nicotine cessation
Mecamylamine
61
Ng antagonists
Trimetaphan
Mecamylamine
Hexamethonium
Triethylammonium
62
-CUR
Neuromuscular blockers
63
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Succinylcholine
64
Nondepolarizing Nm blockers
-CUR (curare derivatives)
65
Curare was once used anciently as?
Arrow poison
66
Nm blocker that has active metabolite that can cross BBB
Atracurium -> Laudanosine
67
Succinylcholine + Gen. Anesthetic
Malignant Hyperthermia ( Hyperthermia and Paralysis)
68
Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia
Dantrolene (skel. muscle relaxant)
69
Non-selective adrenergic agonists
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Isoproterenol
70
Epinephrine
Non-selective adrenergic agonist
71
Epinephrine uses
Asystole
Anaphylactic shock
Local anes adjunct (inc. DOA by vasoconstriction)
72
Isoproterenol main use
Asthma
73
Isoproterenol
Non-selective adrenergic agonist (more on beta receptors)
74
Alpha 1 selective agonists
Phenylephrine
| Midodrine
75
Alpha 1 receptors are found where?
Pupils
Peripheral blood vessels (nose, GI, skin, splanchnic)
Urinary bladder
76
Main use of phenylephrine
Nasal decongestant
77
Main use of midodrine
Tx of orthostatic hypotension
78
Alpha 2 selective agonists
Clonidine
Methyldopa
Guanfacine
Guanabenz
79
Methyldopa
Alpha 2 selective agonist
80
Clonidine
Alpha 2 selective agonist
81
Clonidine use
Hypertension emergency (not for mgt.)
82
Methyldopa use
Tx of pregnancy htn
83
Drugs for htn of pregnant women
Hydralazine
| Methyldopa
84
ADR of clonidine and methyldopa
Sedation, drowsiness (because they can cross BBB)
85
Alpha selective agonists
Oxymetazoline
| Xylometazoline
86
Beta 1 selective agonists
Dobutamine
| Prenalterol
87
Beta 1 acts on?
Heart
88
Only -terol beta 1 agonist
Prenalterol
89
Dobutamine
Beta 1 agonists
90
Prenalterol
Only -terol beta 1 agonist
91
-TEROL
Beta 2 agonists except Prenalterol
92
Beta 2 acts on?
Bronchioles
93
Beta 2 agonist indication
Asthma and COPD
94
SABA
Albuterol (Salbutamol)
| Terbutaline
95
LABA
Formoterol
| Salmeterol
96
ADR of beta 2 agonists
Tremors
| Palpitations
97
Used for cardiogenic shock
Dobutamine
| Prenalterol
98
Adrenergic antagonists causes?
Para response
99
Alpha nonselective antagonists
Phenoxybenzamine
| Phentolamine
100
Irreversible alpha nonselective antagonist
Phenoxybenzamine
101
PHEPHEPHE means?
Phenoxybenzamine and Phentolamine are for Pheochromocytoma
102
What is pheochromocytoma?
Tumor in adrenal gland than increases NE releases = BP fluctuations
103
Phenoxybenzamine
Alpha nonselective antagonist
104
Phentolamine
Alpha nonselective antagonist
105
ADR of alpha blockers
Hypotension, Reflex tachycardia
106
Alpha 1 blockers
Prazocin
Terazocin
Doxazocin
107
-AZOCIN
Alpha 1 blockers
108
Alpha 1 blocker with shortest DOA
Prazocin
109
Alpha 1 blocker with longest DOA
Doxazocin
110
Alpha 1 blockers are mainly used for?
Hypertension
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia
111
Mixed alpha and beta blockers
Carvedilol
| Labetalol
112
Beta nonselective blockers
NSTP (except nebivolol)
113
Most beta 1 selective blocker
Nebivolol
114
Beta 1 blockers
BEAM
115
Beta blocker with shortest DOA
Esmolol
116
Beta blocker with longest DOA
Nadolol
117
Give me an ACE PINpoint PEN, I'll do CARTwheels for you. This refers to?
Beta blockers with intrinsic sympa effect, thus less bradycardia
118
ADR of beta blockers
Bradycardia
119
Beta nonselective blockers are Cx in?
Asthmatic px
| Px with Depression (some can cross BBB)
120
Beta blockers uses
```
Arrhythmia (class 2)
HTN
Cardiac failure
Glaucoma
Hyperthyroidism adjunct
Stage freight
```
121
Beta blockers are antiarrhymthmics belonging to what class?
Class II
122
Indirect adrenergic antagonists
Reserpine
| Guanethedine
123
What indirect antagonist replaces NE in exocytosis?
Guanethidine
124
Pharmacological sympathectomy agent
Guanethedine
125
Reserpine comes from?
Rauwolfia serpentina
126
Amino acid involved in synthesis of NE
Tyrosine
