ANS Control of Blood Pressure Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is Systolic Blood Pressure?
It is the pressure that in inside the arteries WHEN THE HEART PUMPS.
What is Diastolic Blood Pressure?
It is the pressure when the HEART RELAXES BETWEEN BEATS
What are the classification of HTN?
Diastolic BP > 80mmhg, Systolic BP >130mmhg
HTN is the most common CV disease in the US?
Yes…
HTN can cause damage to what organs?
Heart [HF, Coronary Artery Disease, Angina, MI]; Kidney [Kidney Disease/failure]; Brain [Stroke]; Eyes [Vision Loss]
What are the two type of HTN?
Primary or Essential: There is no underlying cause toward the HTN
Secondary: There is an underlying disease/illness causing it and a possible treatment for it
What are the causes for HTN?
Lifestyle [Excess Body Weight, Alcohol, Excess Na/ Too Little K, Lack of Exercise] Hyperlipidemia, Depression, Age [Increases with age], Sex, Genetic Factors, Race [African American]
Is smoking a risk factor for HTN?
Cigarettes acutely raise blood pressure, BUT no solid evidence that smoking is associated with increased risk of HTN = NOT A RISK FACTOR
What are the disease that may cause HTN?
Kidney Disease, Tumors, Cushing’s Syndrome, Conn’s Syndrome, Pregnancy [Preeclampsia], Medication Adverse Effects.
Medications that may cause HTN?
High Estrogen Oral Contraceptives, Antidepressants [clozapine, venlafaxine], Rebound HTN.
What is the ABCDE of HTN?
A: Aldosterone
B: Bad Kidney
C: Cushing’s Disease
D: Drug Interactions
E: Endocrine
How is Diabetes related to HTN?
They both share very similar etiologies; so if the patient has HTN their more likely to have Diabetes and vice versa.
What is the #1 recommended way to reduce your risk of HTN?
Non-pharmacologic Lifestyle Modifactions
-Changing up the diet, exercise, reduce sodium content, reduce alcohol, reduce smoking [even though it doesn’t affect HTN]
What about using Pharmacologic treatments for HTN?
Basically, it is used to just decrease blood pressure overall
Blood Pressure = Cardiac Output x Vascular Resistance
-So, to decrease BP you’ll need to decrease CO and/or VR
What are the parts of the Autonomic Nervous System?
Sympathetic [Fight or Flight]
Parasympathetic [Rest and Digest]
What is the Autonomic Nervous System?
The autonomic nervous system is a component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal.
-What your body does on its own
What neurotransmitters are found within the Sympathetic Nervous System?
Norepinephrine and Epinephrine
What neurotransmitter are found within the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
Acetylcholine, Muscarine, and Nictione
How do we define the type of neurons in the ANS?
Sensory Neurons??
What is the baroreceptor reflex?
When the stretch receptors found within the Aortic Arch and the Carotid Sinus either get or don’t get stretched, which will send the signal to the brain. c causing either an increase or decrease in BP
What cranial nerve is from the Aortic Arch?
CN X: Vagus Nerve
-Afferent
What is the cranial nerve from the Carotid Sinus?
CN IX: Glossophyengeal
-Afferent
Where do these cranial nerves go too?
The center of the Medulla
Example of the Baroreceptor Reflex?
When you stand up too fast, your blood rushes away from all the important areas which will cause BP to decrease for that short period of time. The baroreceptors will sense that, sending a signal to the brain [medulla] then sending a signal back causing the HR, CO, and BP to increase for a short period of time.
