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S22 Animal Science 107 > ANSC - Exam 1 - General terms > Flashcards

ANSC - Exam 1 - General terms Flashcards

(121 cards)

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1
Q

A.I

A

Artificial Insemination

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2
Q

Ad libitum

A

allowing animals to eat all they want at all times

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3
Q

Anestrous Period

A

non-breeding season

The time when a female is not cycling. She is not experiencing estrus and thereby will not breed

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4
Q

artificial insemination

A

great method of enhancing genetics

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5
Q

bovine

A

cattle

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6
Q

Bovine (Cattle)

A 
Male of Breeding Age - Bull
Mature Female - Cow        
Immature Female - Heifer        
Newborn - Calf        
Unsexed Male - Steer        
Groups - Herd        
Genus - Bos  
Act of Parturition - Calving
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7
Q

bovine act of partruition

A

calving

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8
Q

bovine genus

A

bos

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9
Q

bovine group

A

herd

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10
Q

bovine male of breeding age

A

bull: masculine appearance, broader chest

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11
Q

bovine mature female

A

cow: has had a calf, more feminine appearance

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12
Q

bovine newborn

A

calf

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13
Q

bovine unsexed male (w/out testes)

A

steer, a castrated bull

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14
Q

bovine young female

A

heifer

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15
Q

breed

A

animals having a common origin and characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same species

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16
Q

calorie

A

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius
(for example from 15 degrees Celsius to 16 degrees Celsius)

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17
Q

Caprine (Goats)

A 
Male of breeding age - Billy
Mature female -Doe	
Young male - Billy Kid	
Young female - Doe Kid	
Newborn - Kid	
Unsexed male - Wether	
Groups - Band	
Genus - Capra	
Act of Parturition - Kidding
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18
Q

caprine act of parturition

A

kidding

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19
Q

caprine female of breeding age

A

doe

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20
Q

caprine genus

A

capra

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21
Q

caprine group

A

band

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22
Q

caprine male of breeding age

A

billy

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23
Q

caprine newborn

A

kid

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24
Q

caprine unsexed male

A

wether

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25
caprine young female
doe kid
26
caprine young male
billy kid
27
carcass merit
the value of a carcass for consumption, changes with season
28
castration
removal of the testicles, lots of diff methods
29
clone
an individual grown from a single somatic cell of its parent and genetically identical to it (still a bit expensive)
30
colostrum
the first milk given by the female following delivery of her young, it contains high levels of antibodies which are absorbed by the young for quick immunity
31
compensatory growth
increased growth rate in response to previous undernourishment, allows for animals to have really great feed at their level
32
concentrate
a feed that is high in energy, low in fiber content, and highly digestible, have to be fed at appropriate levels
33
contemporary group
a set of animals of the same sex and breed that have been raised under similar environmental and management conditions
34
cull
to eliminate from the breeding population. | Might need to do because a female doesn't reproduce. Producers must cull efficiently
35
dark cutter
color of the lean in the carcass, has a dark appearance usually caused by stress to the animal prior to slaughter challenge: from a marketing standpoint, the expectation is a bright cherry red
36
DHIA
dairy herd improvement association
37
Dry
Refers to a non-lactating female (mare, cow, ewe, sow)
38
Dystocia
Difficult birth
39
Equine (Horses)
``` Male of Breeding - Stallion Mature Female - Mare Young Male - Colt Young Female - Filly Newborn - Foal Unsexed Male - Gelding Groups - Herd Genus - Equus Act of Parturition - Foaling ```
40
equine act of parturition
foaling
41
equine female of breeding age
mare
42
equine genus
equus
43
equine group
herd
44
equine male of breeding age
stallion
45
equine newborn
foal
46
equine unsexed male (w/out testes)
gelding (castrated stallion)
47
equine young female
filly
48
equine young male
colt
49
Estrous
An adjective meaning "heat" that modifies such words as "cycle." Estrous cycle is the heat cycle, or time from one heat period to the next.
50
estrus (or heat)
the period of mating activity in the female
51
Estrus Synchronization
Controlling the estrous cycle so that a high percentage of the females in the herd express estrus at the same time
52
factors that affect dystocia
nutrition
53
Feeder
Animals which need further feeding prior to slaughter
54
Female Bovine (Cow Vs. Heifer)
Cow is a mature female who has had a calf. Heifer is immature female who has not yet calved (given birth to a calf).
55
Female Porcine (Sow Vs. Gilt)
Sow is a mature female that has had a liter; Gilt is an immature female that has not yet farrowed (given birth to a litter of pigs)
56
Fertility
The capacity to initiate, sustain, and and support reproduction
57
Fill
The contents of the digestive tract
58
Gallus (Chicken)
``` Male of breeding age - Rooster Mature female - Hen Young Male - Chick Young female - Chick Unsexed male - Capon Groups - Flock Genus - Gallus Act of Mating - Mating ```
59
gallus act of mating
mating
60
gallus genus
gallus
61
gallus group
flock
62
gallus male of breeding age
rooster
63
gallus mature female
hen
64
gallus newborn
chick
65
gallus unsexed male
capon
66
gallus young female/male
chick
67
Gestation in days: | Bovine (cattle)
283
68
Gestation in days: | Caprine (goat)
147
69
Gestation in days: | Ovine (sheep)
147
70
Gestation in days: | Porcine (pigs)
113
71
Gestation in days: | Equine (horses)
340
72
Gestation period
term of pregnancy
73
Haploid
Half the number of chromosomes. Found in the sperm or ova.
74
Identification Systems
Branding, ear tagging, ear notching, tattoo, microchip, retinal scanning
75
Immature Equine (Filly Vs. Colt)
Filly is female horse not yet of breeding age; Colt is male horse not yet of breeding age
76
kilocarlorie
Equivalent to 1,000 calories
77
lactation period
period the female produces milk
78
libido
sex drive of the male
79
Male Bovine (Bull Vs. Steer)
Steer is a castrated bull
80
Male Equine (Stallion Vs. Gelding)
Gelding is castrated stallion
81
Male Goat (Billy Vs. Wether)
Wether is a castrated billy
82
Male Porcine (Boar Vs. Barrow)
Barrow is a castrated boar.
83
Male Sheep (Ram Vs. Wether)
Wether is a castrated ram
84
Mature Bovine (Bull Vs. Cow)
Male of breeding age is a bull. Female of breeding age who has had a calf is a cow.
85
Mature Equine (Stallion Vs. Mare)
Male of breeding age is stallion; Female of breeding age is mare
86
Mature Goat (Billy Vs. Doe)
Male of breeding age is a billy; Female of breeding age is a doe
87
Mature Porcine (Boar Vs. Sow)
Male of breeding age is a boar; Female of breeding age who has had a liter is a sow.
88
Mature Sheep (Ram Vs. Ewe)
Male of breeding age is a ram; Female of breeding age is ewe
89
Newborn Bovine - Calf
Immature cattle; typically proceeded by sex identifier (Bull calf or heifer calf)
90
Newborn Equine (Foal)
Foaling is process of delivery of a newborn equine (foal)
91
Newborn Goat (Kid)
Immature goat, typically proceeded by sex identifier (Billy kid or Doe kid)
92
Newborn Porcine (Pig)
Group of newborn pigs to a single sow is called a litter.
93
Newborn Sheep (Lamb)
Lamb is an immature sheep; typically proceeded by sex identifier (Ram lamb or Ewe lamb)
94
Open
Refers to non-pregnant females
95
Ovine (Sheep)
``` Male of breeding age - Ram Mature female - Ewe Young male - Ram lamb Young female - Ewe lamb Newborn - Lamb Unsexed male - Wether Groups - Flock Genus - Ovis Act of Mating - Tupping Act of Parturition - Lambing ```
96
ovine act of mating
tupping
97
ovine act of parturition
lambing
98
ovine genus
ovis
99
ovine group
flock
100
ovine male of breeding age
ram
101
ovine mature female
ewe
102
ovine newborn
lamb
103
ovine unsexed male
wether
104
ovine young female
ewe lamb
105
ovine young male
ram lamb
106
Porcine (Swine)
``` Male of breeding age - Boar Mature female - Sow Young female - Gilt Newborn - Pig Unsexed male - Barrow Groups - Drove Genus - Sus Act of parturition - Farrowing ```
107
porcine act of parturition
farrowing
108
porcine genus
sus
109
porcine group
drove
110
porcine male of breeding age
boar
111
porcine mature female
sow (has had a litter, mammary system is well developed)
112
porcine newborn
pig
113
porcine unsexed male
barrow (castrated boar)
114
porcine young female
gilt (still has mammary system)
115
Records that should be kept (beef)
Birth date, sire, dam, birth weight, weaning weight, gain test weight, yearling weight, yearling scrotal measurement
116
roughage
a feed that is low in energy, high in fiber content, and low in digestible contents. examples: hay, straw, silage, pasture
117
Scurs
Small horn-like tissue attached to the skin of polled or de-horned animals
118
Spaying
The removal of the ovaries from the female reproductive tract (most often done in cats and dogs)
119
swine are considered
litter bearing
120
TDN (Total Digestible N utrients)
Includes the total amounts of digestible protein, nitrogen-free extract, fiber, and fat (multiplied by 2.25) all added together. Approximates energy content.
121
Weaning
Separating an offspring animal from its dam (mother)

S22 Animal Science 107 (2 decks)

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