Anterior Abdomen

Question 1

external oblique forms

Answer 1

inguinal ligament

Question 2

internal oblique forms

Answer 2

cremaster muscle (males)

Question 3

rectus sheath superior to arcuate line

Answer 3

anterior: aponeurosis of ext. oblique m. & apo. of 1/2 internal oblique m.

posterior: apo. 1/2 internal oblique, apo. of transversus abdominus m., transversales fascia, & peritoneum

Question 4

rectus sheath inf. arcuate line

Answer 4

ant: apo ext. oblique m., apo internal oblique m, apo transversus abdominis

post: transversalis fascia & peritoneum

Question 5

deep (internal) inguinal ring is an opening in the…

Answer 5

transversalis fascia

Question 6

superficial (external) inguinal ring is an opening in the…

Answer 6

external oblique aponeurosis

Question 7

passes through the inguinal rings in men

Answer 7

spermatic cord

Question 8

passes through inguinal rings in women

Answer 8

round ligament of uterus

Question 9

nerve that sits on top of spermatic cord

Answer 9

ilioinguinal n.

Question 10

nerve within spermatic cord

Answer 10

genitofemoral n

Question 11

internal spermatic fascia comes from…

Answer 11

transversalis fascia

Question 12

cremasteric fascia with cremaster mm comes from…

Answer 12

internal oblique fascia & muscle

Question 13

external spermatic fascia comes from…

Answer 13

external oblique apo. & fascia

Question 14

spermatic cord contents

Answer 14

vas deferens
testicular a.
cremaster m
pampiniform plexus (testicular vv)

also:
genital br. of genitofemoral n
sympathetics
lymphatics
tunica vaginalis (remnants of process vaginalis)

Question 15

homologous structure to scrotum in females

Answer 15

labia majora

Question 16

dartos fascia

Answer 16

layer of scrotum
includes dartos m (smooth m that assists cremaster m)

Question 17

coverings of spermatic cord

Answer 17

external spermatic fascia
cremaster mm & fascia
internal spermatic fascia

Question 18

scrotal ligament is a remnant of the…

Answer 18

gubernaculum

Question 19

what covers the testes?

Answer 19

tunica vaginalis (parietal & visceral layer)

Question 20

where is sperm produced?

Answer 20

seminiferous tubules

Question 21

outside surface of testes

Answer 21

tunica albuginea

Question 22

pathway for sperm

Answer 22

SEVEN-UP
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymus
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory ducts
Nothing
Urethra
Penis

Question 23

embryologically what was the round ligament of uterus?

Answer 23

gubernaculum

Question 24

upper gubernaculum becomes ( in females)

Answer 24

ovarian ligament

Question 25

lower gubernaculum becomes (in females)

Answer 25

round ligament of uterus

Question 26

falciform ligament contains

Answer 26

round ligament of liver (ligamentum teres hepatis)

Question 27

round ligament of liver

Answer 27

obliterated remains of fetal umbilical v

Question 28

median fold (ligament) contains...

Answer 28

remnant of urachus (reduced allantoic stalk)

Question 29

medial umbilical folds (ligaments) contain...

Answer 29

occluded (fetal) umbilical aa

Question 30

lateral umbilical folds (ligaments) contains...

Answer 30

inferior epigastric a & v

Question 31

most common type of hernia

Answer 31

indirect inguinal *more common in younger males but still the most common of all the types

Question 32

who is more likely to have an femoral hernia?

Answer 32

women

Question 33

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 33

medial to inferior epigastric vessels pass through superficial inguinal ring, pass through Hesselbech's triangle

Question 34

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 34

lateral to inferior epigastric vessels, pass through deep inguinal ring and into inguinal canal then through superficial ring

Question 35

Hesselbach's triangle

Answer 35

medial - rectus abdominis m inf - inguinal ligament lat - inferior epigastric vessels

Question 36

sports hernia

Answer 36

not actual hernia tear/strain of rectus abdominus m from pubic crest

Question 37

diastasis recti

Answer 37

separation of linea alba from increased abdominal pressure ex: pregnancy

Question 38

cryptorchidism

Answer 38

one or both testes undescended most common site is the inguinal canal

Question 39

varicocele

Answer 39

dilated vv in pampiniform plexus from increased venous pressure "bag of worms"

Question 40

why is varicocele more common on the left side?

Answer 40

the acute angle of the L testicular v draining into the L renal v before joining the IVC

Question 41

testicular torsion

Answer 41

typically happens unilaterally and is where tissues around around the testes are not attached well to the testes twists around the spermatic cord and blood flow to the testes is cut off

Question 42

what typically protrudes through an incisional hernia?

Answer 42

omentum (peritoneum) fat or an organ

Question 43

what does the inferior epigastric a give rise to?

Answer 43

cremasteric a in spermatic cord