Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

(97 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 3 main areas (cavities) of the body cavity?

A

Thoracic cavity (deep to ribcage and above diaphragm), abdominal cavity (from just below diaphragm to pelvic inlet), and pelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: Viscera will not span cavities (i.e. a visceral organ is only associated with one cavity)

A

False: Because the cavities are continuous viscera can span different cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When using surface structures to organize the the abdomen the body is divided into ________

A

quadrants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In quadrant organization the vertical line runs from the ______ _____ to the ______ _____, while the horizontal line runs through the ________

A

xyphoid process
pubic symphysis
umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When organizing the abdomen into 9 areas the vertical lines are located in ________ planes, and the horizontal lines are located at the ______ plane, and the _________ plane

A

midclavicular
subcostal
intertubercular (runs between two iliac tubercles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In an anterior view, what are the layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep?

A

Skin-> Superficial fascia-fatty layer (campers fascia)-> Superficial fascia- membranous layer (scarpa’s fascia)-> External oblique m. -> Internal oblique m. -> Transversus abdominis m. -> Transversallis fascia-> Extraperitoneal fascia-> Parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What peritoneum lines the inside of the abdominal wall?

A

Parietal peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

External oblique muscle fibers run in what direction?

A

superolateral to inferomedial direction (direction of hands in our pockets)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The external oblique muscle fibers continue medially as what structure?

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does the external oblique aponeurosis insert medially?

A

Linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The internal oblique muscle fibers run in what direction?

A

Perpendicular to external oblique fibers, run inferolaterally to superomedially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are the rectus abdominis mm. located?

A

At midline (your six-pack muscles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What structure separates each rectus abdominus muscle from each other?

A

Tendinous intersection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Transversus abdominis muscle fibers run in the same direction as the ______ _______ m. fibers

A

internal oblique (inferolateral to superomedial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

External oblique m., internal oblique m., and transversus abdominis m. all have a midline aponeurosis that extends to what midline structure?

A

Linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What nerves run on top of the transversus abdominis m.(in between the transversus abdominis m and internal oblique m)?

A

T7-T12
Illiohypogastric nerve (L1)
Illio-inguinal nerve (L1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Rectus Sheath envelops what two muscle groups?

A

Rectus abdominus mm

Pyramidalis mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The Rectus Sheath consists of _____ & _____ layers

A

anterior

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The anterior layers of the Rectus Sheath travel anteriorly to what structure?

A

rectus abdominus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The posterior layer of the Rectus Sheath travel posteriorly to what structure?

A

rectus abdominus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the arcuate line located?

A

Its located about midway between the umbilicus & pubic symphysis on the posterior surface of the rectus abdominis m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The posterior wall of the Rectus Sheath lies ______ the arcuate line, while the transversalis fascia lies ______ it.

A

above

below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

T/F: In the area superior to the arcuate line, all three layers of muscles (ext. oblique, int. oblique, and transversus abdominis mm.) pass anterior to rectus abdominis.

A

False. Below the arcuate line all layers pass anterior to rectus abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What structure(s) form the anterior layer of the Rectus Sheath superior to the Arcuate line?

A

aponeurosis of External oblique and 1/2 of the aponeurosis of the Internal oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What structure(s) form the posterior layer of the Rectus Sheath superior to the Arcuate line?
1/2 of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique aponeurosis of transversus abdominis transversalis fascia
26
What structure(s) form the anterior layer of the Rectus Sheath inferior to the Arcuate line?
Aponeuroses of Ext. oblique, Int. oblique, and Transversus Abdominis
27
What structure(s) form the posterior layer of the Rectus Sheath inferior to the Arcuate line?
Transversalis Fascia
28
What are the 3 types of infra umbilical peritoneal folds?
Median umbilical fold medial umbilical folds (2) Lateral umbilical folds (2)
29
What fold(s) goes from the urinary bladder to umbilicus, and covers the median umbilical ligament?
median umbilical fold
30
What fold(s) cover the medial umbilical ligament(s) and occluded portions of umbilical aa.?
medial umbilical folds (2)
31
What fold(s) cover the inferior epigastric vessel(s)?
lateral umbilical folds (2)
32
Where do all the superficial vessels of the Anterior Abdominal wall run?
superficial fat & fascia | Campers Fascia
33
What two arteries are part of the superficial vessels of the Ant. abdominal wall?
Superficial Circumflex Iliac a. | Superficial Epigastric a.
34
The Superficial Circumflex Iliac a. supplies what area? What is it a branch of?
Supplies: region of inguinal ligament | Branch of Femoral a.
35
The Superficial Epigastric a. supplies what area? What is it a branch of?
Supplies: abdomen infr. to umbilicus | Branch of Femoral a.
36
What two veins are part of the superficial vessels of the Ant. Abdominal wall?
Superficial Circumflex Iliac v. | Superficial Epigastric v.
37
The Superficial Circumflex Iliac v. drains what region? What does it drain to?
Drains region of inguinal ligament | Drains to femoral v.
38
The Superficial Epigastric v. drains what region? What does it drain to?
Drains abdomen infr. to umbilicus | Drains to femoral v.
39
The Deep Circumflex Iliac vessels run between what structures?
Internal oblique m. | Transversus Abdominis m.
40
What vessels supply the inferior lateral abdominal mm?
Deep Circumflex Iliac vessels
41
The Deep Circumflex Iliac a. is a branch of what?
External Iliac a.
42
The Deep circumflex Iliac v. drains to what?
External Iliac v.
43
What is the femoral artery called before it passes thru the inguinal canal?
External iliac a
44
The inferior epigastric a. is a branch off of what?
External iliac a
45
The inferior epigastric v. drains to what?
External iliac v.
46
These vessels supply lower rectus abdominis mm and anastomose with superior epigastric
Inferior epigastric vessels
47
Where does the inferior epigastric vessels enter the posterior rectus sheath?
Arcuate line
48
The superior epigastric a. is a branch off of what?
``` Internal thoracic (mammary) a. (Note this artery travels down the posterior surface of the ribcage) ```
49
These vessels supply upper rectus abdominis mm. and anastomose with inferior epigastric
superior epigastric vessels
50
The superior epigastric v. drains to what?
internal thoracic v
51
Where does the superior epigastric vessels enter the posterior rectus sheath?
lateral to sternum
52
The musculophrenic a. is a branch of what?
Internal thoracic (mammary) a.
53
The musculophrenic v. drains to what?
internal thoracic v.
54
Musculophrenic vessels run along _____ ______
costal cartilages
55
These vessels supply the upper abdominal mm. & diaphragm
Musculophrenic vessels
56
The nerves that supply anterior abdominal walls are coming from _____ rami of ___ - ___ spinal nn.
ventral T7 L1
57
The ventral rami of what spinal nerve(s) supply the region above the umbilicus?
T7-T9
58
The ventral rami of what spinal nerve(s) supply the umbilical region?
T10
59
The ventral rami of what spinal nerve(s) supply the region below umbilicus
(T11, T12, L1)
60
An injury in spinal nerves T11, T12, and L1 causes a weakness of mm. in what region?
inguinal | inferior portion of ant. abdominal wall
61
The inferior lateral abdominal region is also known as the ____ region
inguinal
62
The inguinal region is ____ to the thigh, _____ to the ilium, and ____ to the pubic bone
superior medial lateral
63
The inguinal region area extends between the ____ and the ____ _____
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) | pubic tubercle
64
The inguinal region contains what structures?
Inguinal ligament, inguinal canal (male and female), superficial and deep rings of the inguinal canal, walls of the canal
65
The inguinal ligament is formed by what?
The aponeurosis of the External Oblique m. | It is an infolding of the inferior border of the EO aponeurosis
66
The inguinal canal is an obliquely set tunnel __ to __ cm long
3 | 5
67
The inguinal canal runs ____ & ____ to inguinal ligament
parallel | superior
68
In the male, the inguinal canal contains what structure(s)?
spermatic cord, its contents (vas deferens, testicular nn & vessels, cremasteric m & fascia), and the Ilioinguinal n.
69
What spinal level is the ilioinguinal n. from?
L1
70
In the male, the ilioinguinal n. runs on the ____ surface of the ____ _____
anterior | spermatic cord
71
What nerve supplies the upper medial thigh and external genitalia?
Ilioinguinal n
72
In the female, the inguinal canal contains what structure(s)?
Round ligament of uterus (corresponds to spermatic cord in males) and the ilioinguinal n.
73
in the female the ilioinguinal n runs on the _____ surface of the _____ _____
anterior | round ligament
74
The inguinal canal extends between what two structures?
Superficial ring | Deep ring
75
The ______ ring is an obvious triangular opening lateral to pubic tubercle in the EO aponeurosis
superficial
76
The _____ ring is a opening in transversalis fascia; a subtle piercing just lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
deep
77
What are the anterior wall, posterior wall, roof, and floor borders of the inguinal canal?
Ant: EO aponeurosis Post: transversalis fascia & conjoint tendon (fusion of IO, TA aponeuroses medially (inserts on pubic tubercle)) Roof: IO & TA muscles (superior) Floor: inguinal ligament (inferior)
78
What is a hernia?
An out pouching of abdominal viscera within a sac
79
A hernial sac is composed of 3 layers what are they?
peritoneum, extra peritoneal fat & transversalis fascia | note: these layers are coming out and still surrounding the viscera coming out of ant. abdominal wall
80
_____ inguinal hernias extend thru the entire inguinal canal
indirect
81
A ____ inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia (seen more in males than females)
indirect
82
Usually indirect inguinal hernias come out _____ to inferior epigastric vessels
lateral
83
The reason why indirect inguinal hernias are more common in males is termed what?
persistant processus vaginalis
84
What is processus vaginalis?
Portion of parietal peritoneum carried down the testis as testis descends, if peritoneum is unable to fuse then it leaves an opening thru which viscera can enter
85
What is persistent processus vaginalis called in females?
canal of Nuck
86
_____ inguinal hernia occur thru inguinal triangle (or Hesselbach's triangle)
direct
87
The borders of Hesselbach's triangle are what?
inferior epigastric a., rectus abdominus m. & inguinal ligament
88
a direct inguinal hernia emerges thru ___ ____ by or at superficial ring
conjoint tendon
89
Usually direct inguinal hernias come out _____ to inferior epigastric vessels
medial
90
T/F direct inguinal hernias usually do not enter scrotum or labia majora
True
91
T/F Direct inguinal hernias are usually more common in females than males
False; usually more common in males
92
A ____ inguinal hernia are usually associated with weakened abdominal wall
direct
93
Femoral hernias occur thru the ____ ring & canal
femoral
94
T/F Femoral hernia are more common in females than males
True
95
The most common type of hernia in woman are ____ inguinal hernias
indirect
96
Umbilical hernias occur thru _____ ring
umbilical
97
Epigastric hernias occur thru ____ ____
linea alba

SP15 Anatomy Exam 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions