anti-psychotic drugs (schizophrenia) Flashcards
what causes schizophrenia?
imbalance of dopamine levels
elevation of dopamine in mesocortical/mesolimbic parts of brain –> positive symptoms
low levels of dopamine in prefrontal cortex –> negative symptoms
what is Chlorpromazine?
D2 receptor antagonist (classic anti-psychotic)
does Chlorpromazine or haloperidol have higher risk of extrapyramidal symptoms? why?
haloperidol
no anti-cholinergic effects to oppose EPS
what anti-psychotic drug is also used to treat behavioural and psychological symptoms associated with dementia?
risperidone (atypical anti-psychotic)
what is the first line drug for schizophrenia and examples?
atypical anti-psychotics
- risperidone
- Olanzapine
how is olanzapine administered?
IM injection
how is risperidone administered?
orally
non-adherence –> IM slow release of drug (2-weekly)
what receptors are blocked with atypical anti-psychotics?
block D2 receptors in mesolimbic pathway –> relieve positive symptoms
block 5HT2A receptors in prefrontal cortex –> relieve negative symptoms
what anti-psychotic drug is also indicated in Huntington’s disease?
chlorpromazine
The atypical neuroleptic risperidone:
a. is less likely than haloperidol to produce EPS
b. is an agonist at 5-HT2A receptors
c. has little affinity for D2 receptors
d. is not effective in treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
a. is less likely than haloperidol to produce EPS
In schizophrenia, the classical (older) anti-psychotic chlorpromazine is:
a. strongly sedating
b. effective in treating negative symptoms
c. NOT able to block muscarinic receptors
d. a potent D1 antagonist
a. strongly sedating (bind to H1 receptors)
I am an atypical antipsychotic that causes significant complex side effects (weight gain, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia). I am available as a rapid acting intramuscular injection.
a. risperidone
b. olanzepine
c. clozapine
d. quetiapine
b. olanzapine
