anti psychotics

Question 1

what is schizophrenia?

Answer 1

disturbance in reasoning, cognition, delusions, hallucinations, behavior, emotions, thoughts, and reality

Question 2

when is the onset of schizophrenia?

Answer 2

late teens-adult

Question 3

what is psychosis?

Answer 3

lacking the ability to test reality

Question 4

what can drugs or l-dopa cause?

Answer 4

psychosis

Question 5

is schizophrenia polygenic?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

is schizophrenia heterogenic?

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

is there an environmental component in schizophrenia?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what are delusions?

Answer 8

false beliefs

Question 9

what are hallucinations?

Answer 9

abnormal sensation

Question 10

do affected or unaffected individuals experience positive symptoms?

Answer 10

affected

Question 11

do affected or unaffected individuals experience neg. symptoms?

Answer 11

unaffected

Question 12

what are negative symptoms?

Answer 12

decrease in emotion, speech, interests and drive

Question 13

what are positive symptoms?

Answer 13

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech/behavior

Question 14

is the cerebral cortex thin or thin in schizophrenia?

Answer 14

thin

Question 15

what happens to the cortical grey matter volume?

Answer 15

decreases

Question 16

what happens to the lateral ventricles?

Answer 16

increase

Question 17

what two things can happen to dopa after reuptake into the cell?

Answer 17

degraded or repackaged

Question 18

where is the mesolimbic?

Answer 18

VTA to NAc

Question 19

where is the mesocortical?

Answer 19

VTA to frontal cortex

Question 20

where is the nigrostriatal?

Answer 20

substantia nigra to striatum

Question 21

what is the mesolimbic role?

Answer 21

reward

Question 22

what is the mesocortical role?

Answer 22

cognition

Question 23

what is the nigrostriatal role?

Answer 23

extrapyramidal

Question 24

is the mesolimbic responsible for an increase or decrease in dopa?

Answer 24

increase

Question 25

are the results of the mesolimbic + or -- symptoms?

Answer 25

pos.

Question 26

is the mesolimbic hyperactive or hypoactive in psychosis?

Answer 26

hyper

Question 27

is the mesocortical responsible for an increase or decrease in dopa?

Answer 27

decrease

Question 28

are the results of the mesocortical + or -- symptoms?

Answer 28

neg.

Question 29

is the mesocortical hyperactive or hypoactive in psychosis?

Answer 29

hypo

Question 30

what happens to the flow of blood to the prefrontal cortex in hypoactive state?

Answer 30

decrease

Question 31

if you block the mesolimbic positive symptoms, what happens to the mesocortical?

Answer 31

you get an increase in negative symptoms from the hypoactive mesocortical

Question 32

how can you block positive symptoms?

Answer 32

dopa antagonist

Question 33

what is an example of a dopa antagonist?

Answer 33

chlorpromazine

Question 34

what do the multiple dopa receptor distributions contribute to?

Answer 34

drug interactions

Question 35

what can target + without negative symptoms?

Answer 35

5HT (LSD and hallucinogens)

Question 36

are antipsychotics lipophilic or phobic?

Answer 36

lipophilic

Question 36

what is the MOA of glutamate?

Answer 36

psychomimetic NMDA receptor antagonist (PCP & ketamine)

Question 36

what generation are known as typical antipsychotics?

Answer 36

1st

Question 37

what generation are sedating?

Answer 37

1st

Question 38

what generation has EPS?

Answer 38

1st

Question 39

what generation has high D2 antagonism?

Answer 39

1st

Question 40

do first generations have high or low 5HT2a action?

Answer 40

low

Question 41

(8) what are the 1st gen antipsychotics?

Answer 41

thiothixene thioridazine perphenazine trifluoperazine fluphenazine chlorpromazine loxapine haloperidol

Question 42

other than being a first gen antipsychotic, what does chlorpromazine do?

Answer 42

antihistamine

Question 43

which gen has low EPS?

Answer 43

2nd

Question 44

which gen has low D2 antagonism?

Answer 44

2nd

Question 45

which gen has higher 5HT2a antagonism?

Answer 45

2nd

Question 46

which gen has metabolic AEs?

Answer 46

2nd

Question 47

(6) what are the 2nd gen antipsychotics?

Answer 47

arpiprazole brexpiprazole clozapine quetiapine ziprasidone cariprazine

Question 48

what is arpiprazole MOA?

Answer 48

partial D2/5HT2a/5HT1a agonist

Question 49

what is brexpiprazole MOA?

Answer 49

partial D2/5HT1a agonist

Question 50

what is cariprazine MOA?

Answer 50

partial D2/D3 agonist

Question 51

what is clozapine MOA?

Answer 51

5HT1a agonist

Question 52

what is quetiapine MOA?

Answer 52

5HT1a agonist

Question 53

what is ziprasidone MOA?

Answer 53

5Ht1a agonist

Question 54

what do ziprasidone, quetiapine, and clozapine all do?

Answer 54

increase dopa release in prefrontal cortex

Question 55

for a mesolimbic that is hyperactive you would...

Answer 55

D2 block (dec. positive symptom)

Question 56

for a mesocortical that is hypoactive a D2 block would...

Answer 56

worsen neg. symptoms

Question 57

for the nigrostriatal D2 block would...

Answer 57

cause parkinsons

Question 58

for the hypothalamic a D2 block would...

Answer 58

cause hyperprolactinemia

Question 59

which gen is known as atypical?

Answer 59

2nd

Question 60

which gen antagonizes alpha1, H1, and M1?

Answer 60

both

Question 61

which gen antagonizes 5HT2a> D2?

Answer 61

2nd

Question 62

which gen can be a 5HT1a agonist?

Answer 62

2nd

Question 63

is lumateperone atypical or typical?

Answer 63

atypical

Question 64

what is the MOA of lumateperone?

Answer 64

moderate D1,D2,D4 activity and a 5HT2a antagonist

Question 65

what is the MOA of pimozide

Answer 65

D2 antagonist

Question 66

what is the MOA of pimavanserin?

Answer 66

inverse 5HT2a agonist