Antianemia Drugs Practice Questions Flashcards Preview

Mini #3 > Antianemia Drugs Practice Questions > Flashcards

Flashcards in Antianemia Drugs Practice Questions Deck (5)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

If this woman has macrocytic anemia, an increased serum concentration of transferrin, and a normal serum concentration of vitamin B12, the most likely cause of her anemia is deficiency of which of the following?

(A) Cobalamin

(B) Erythropoietin

(C) Folic acid

(D) Intrinsic factor

(E) Iron

A

Deficiencies of folic acid or vitamin B12 are the most common causes of megaloblastic anemia. If a patient with this type of anemia has a normal serum vitamin B12 concentration, folate deficiency is the most likely cause of the anemia. The answer is C.

2
Q

The laboratory data for your pregnant patient indicate that she does not have macrocytic anemia but rather microcytic anemia. Optimal treatment of normocytic or mild microcytic anemia associated with pregnancy uses which of the following?

(A) A high-fiber diet
(B) Erythropoietin injections
(C) Ferrous sulfate tablets
(D) Folic acid supplements
(E) Hydroxocobalamin injections

A

Iron deficiency microcytic anemia is the anemia that is most commonly associated with pregnancy. In this condition, oral iron supplementation is indicated. The answer is C.

3
Q

If this patient has a young child at home and is taking iron-containing prenatal supplements, she should be warned that they are a common source of accidental poisoning in young children and advised to make a special eort to keep these pills out of her child’s reach. Toxicity associated with acute iron poisoning usually includes which of the following?

(A) Dizziness, hypertension, and cerebral hemorrhage

(B) Hyperthermia, delirium, and coma

(C) Hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, and seizures

(D) Necrotizing gastroenteritis, shock, and metabolic acidosis

(E) Severe hepatic injury, encephalitis, and coma

A

Acute iron poisoning oen causes severe gastrointestinal damage resulting from direct corrosive eects, shock from fluid loss in the gastrointestinal tract, and metabolic acidosis from cellular dysfunction. The answer is D.

4
Q

The child in the previous question did ingest the iron-containing supplements. What immediate treatment is necessary? Correction of acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities and

(A) Activated charcoal

(B) Oral deferasirox

(C) Parenteral deferoxamine

(D) Parenteral dantrolene

A

Activated charcoal does not bind iron and thus is ineective. Oral deferasirox is eective for chronic iron toxicity. Dantrolene inhibits Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and is an antidote for malignant hyperthermia induced by inhaled anesthetics. The answer is C.

5
Q

A 45-year-old male stomach cancer patient underwent tumor removal surgery. Aer surgery, he developed megaloblastic anemia. His anemia is caused by a deficiency of X and can be treated with Y.

(A) X = intrinsic factor; Y = folic acid.

(B) X = intrinsic factor; Y = vitamin B12

(C) X = extrinsic factor; Y = parenteral iron

(D) X = extrinsic factor; Y = sargramostim

A

Resection of the stomach does lead to loss of intrinsic factor and the patient will be deficient in vitamin B12. Prevention or treatment of iron deficiency anemia (microcytic cell size) is the only indication for iron administration. Sargramostim is a GM-CSF and is used to stimulate the production of neutrophils and other myeloid and megakaryocyte progenitors. The answer is B.