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Micro R&M > Antibacterials: MOAs > Flashcards

Antibacterials: MOAs Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Penicillins (class)

A

Structural analogs of D-Ala D-Ala that bind penicillin binding proteins–> blocking transpeptidase linking of peptidoglycans.
Also activate autolytic enzymes

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2
Q

Penicillin G

A

Regular ole penicillin

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3
Q

Penicillin V

A

Regular ole penicillin

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4
Q

Ampicillin

A

Aminopenicillin/penicillinase-sensitive penicillin

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5
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Aminopenicillin/penicillinase-sensitive penicillin

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6
Q

Oxacillin

A

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

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7
Q

Nafcillin

A

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

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8
Q

Dicloxacillin

A

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

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9
Q

Ticarcillin

A

Anti-pseudomonal penicllin

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10
Q

Piperacillin

A

Anti-pseudomonal penicllin

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11
Q

Clavulanic acid

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor

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12
Q

Sulbactam

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor

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13
Q

Tazobactam

A

Beta-lactamase inhibitor

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14
Q

Cephalosporins (class)

A

Beta-lactams that inhibit cell wall synth but are les susceptible to penicillinases

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15
Q

Cefazolin

A

1st gen cephalosporin

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16
Q

Cephalexin

A

1st gen cephalosporin

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17
Q

Cefoxitin

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

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18
Q

Cefaclor

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

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19
Q

Cefuroxime

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

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20
Q

Ceftriaxone

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

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21
Q

Cefotaxime

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

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22
Q

Ceftazidime

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

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23
Q

Cefepime

A

4th gen cephalosporin

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24
Q

Ceftaroline

A

5th gen cephalosporin

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25
Monobactams (class)
Bind penicillin-binding protein 3--> prevents peptidoglycan X-linking.
26
Aztreonam
Monobactam | Binds penicillin-binding protein 3--> prevents peptidoglycan X-linking
27
Carbapenem (class)
Beta-lactamase
28
Imipenem
Carbapenem | beta-lactamase
29
Meropenem
Carbapenem | beta-lactamase
30
Ertapenem
Carbapenem | beta-lactamase
31
Doripenem
Carbapenem | beta-lactamase
32
Cilastatin
Inhibits renal dehydropeptidase I, leading to decreased inactivation of imipenem
33
Vancomycin
Binds D-ala D-ala portion of cell wall precursors--> inhibits cell wall peptidoglycan formation
34
Aminoglycosides (class)
30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
35
Gentamicin
Aminoglycoside | 30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
36
Neomycin
Aminoglycoside | 30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
37
Amikacin
Aminoglycoside | 30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
38
Tobramycin
Aminoglycoside | 30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
39
Streptomycin
Aminoglycoside | 30S inhibitors: Inhibit formation of the initiation complex--> mRNA misreading; also block translocation.
40
Tetracyclines (class)
30S inhibitors: bind 30S--> prevent attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA
41
Tetracycline
Tetracycline | 30S inhibitors: bind 30S--> prevent attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA
42
Doxycycline
Tetracycline | 30S inhibitors: bind 30S--> prevent attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA
43
Minocycline
Tetracycline | 30S inhibitors: bind 30S--> prevent attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA
44
Macrolides (class)
50S inhibitors: Bind 23S rRNA of 50S and block translocation.
45
Azithromycin
Macrolide | 50S inhibitors: Bind 23S rRNA of 50S and block translocation.
46
Clarithromycin
Macrolide | 50S inhibitors: Bind 23S rRNA of 50S and block translocation.
47
Erythromycin
Macrolide | 50S inhibitors: Bind 23S rRNA of 50S and block translocation.
48
Chloramphenicol
50S inhibitor: Blocks peptidyltransferase at 50S
49
Clindamycin
50S inhibitor: Blocks translocation (peptide transfer) at 50S
50
Sulfonamides (class)
PABA antimetabolites that inhibit dihydropteroate synthase--> inhibit folate synth
51
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)
Sulfonamide | PABA antimetabolite that inhibit dihydropteroate synthase--> inhibit folate synth
52
Sulfisoxazole
Sulfonamide | PABA antimetabolite that inhibit dihydropteroate synthase--> inhibit folate synth
53
Sulfadiazine
Sulfonamide | PABA antimetabolite that inhibit dihydropteroate synthase--> inhibit folate synth
54
Trimethoprim
Inhibits bacterial DHFR
55
Fluoroquinolones
Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
56
Ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
57
Norfloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
58
Levofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
59
Ofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
60
Sparfloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
61
Moxifloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
62
Gemifloxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
63
Enoxacin
Fluoroquinolone | Inhibit DNA gyrase (topo II) and topo IV
64
Nalidixic acid
Quinolone
65
Metronidazole
Forms FR toxic metabolites--> damage DNA
66
INH
Decreases synth of mycolic acid
67
Rifampin
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
68
Rifabutin
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
69
Pyrazinamide
Unknown MOA; acidified intracellular environment when it's converted to pyrazinoic acid
70
Ethambutol
Inhibits arabinosyltransferase--> decreases carbohydrate polymerization of mycobacterial cell wall
71
Daptomycin
Depolymerizes bacterial cell membrane

Micro R&M (5 decks)

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