Antibiotic Man & Microman

Question 1

name 5 gram negative coliforms

Answer 1

e. coli, klebsiella, proteus, enterobacter, pseudomonas

Question 2

what antibiotics are used against the foliforms

Answer 2

genta or aztreonam

Question 3

which antibiotics are extended spectrum beta lactamases resistant to

Answer 3

penicillins, co-amoxiclav, piperacillin-taxobactam, aztreonam

Question 4

what antibiotics can be used against extended spectrum beta lactamases

Answer 4

temocillin or meropenem

Question 5

what antibiotics is MRSA resistant to

Answer 5

all beta lactam antibiotics

Question 6

name the beta-lactam antibiotics

Answer 6

penicillins, piperacillin-taxobactam, cephalosporins, meropenem, carbopenems

Question 7

what antibiotic affected against all anerobes

Answer 7

metronidazole

Question 8

what antibiotic group is effective against beta-haemolytic strep

Answer 8

penicillins

Question 9

what are the common infecting organism in epiglottitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 9

haemophilus influenzae and strep. use IV ceftriaxone

Question 10

what is the likely infecting organism in tonsillitis

Answer 10

group A strep

Question 11

what is the likely infecting organism in sinusitis

Answer 11

pneumococcus

Question 12

what is the likely infecting organism in acute otitis media

Answer 12

pneuomoccous, Hib

Question 13

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for supraglottitis

Answer 13

IV ceftriaxone

Question 14

why is amoxicillin chosen over penicillin orally

Answer 14

better oral absorption

Question 15

how is community acquired pneumonia categorised

Answer 15

mild (CURB65 <3) or severe (CURB65 3+)

Question 16

what are the common infecting organism in mild community acquired pneumonia and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 16

pneumoccocus, h. influenzae

PO amoxicillin, PO doxycycline if allergic

Question 17

what are the common infecting organism in severe community acquired pneumonia and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 17

pneumococcus, h. influenzae, coliforms, atypicals
IV co-amoxiclav + PO doxy.
IV levofloxacin if allergic

Question 18

what are the atypical infecting organisms in community acquired pneumonia

Answer 18

legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydia, coxiella, s. aureus

Question 19

who gets s. aureus pneumoniae

Answer 19

young patient post viral influenza

Question 20

what investigations are required for community acquired pneumonia

Answer 20

acute serology, convalescent serology, blood culture, throat swab, sputum culture, urine for legionella antigen

Question 21

what are the likely infecting organisms in a COPD exacerbation and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 21

pneumococcus, h. influenzae

PO amoxicillin. allergy: PO doxycycline

Question 22

what are the likely infecting organisms for hospital acquired pneumonias

Answer 22

pneumococcus, h. influenzae, coliforms, legionella

Question 23

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for non-severe hospital acquired pneumonia

Answer 23

PO amoxicillin + metronidazole.

allergy: PO co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

Question 24

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for severe hospital acquired pneumonia

Answer 24

IV A+G+M.
Allergy: IV co-trimox + metron + genta
Then PO step down to co-trimox + metron

Question 25

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice for community acquired pneumonia patients in ICU

Answer 25

co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin IV | allergy: IV levofloxacin

Question 26

what is the likely infecting organism in acute native valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 26

s. aureus, IV fluclox

Question 27

what is the likely infecting organism in subacute / indolent native valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 27

s. viridans, enterococci | IV amoxicillin + genta

Question 28

in acute native valve endocarditis how many blood cultures should be taken and how quickly should antibiotics be given

Answer 28

2 blood cultures, antibiotics in less than 1 hour

Question 29

in subacute / indolent native valve endocarditis how many blood cultures should be taken and how quickly should antibiotics be given

Answer 29

3 blood cultures over 6 hours, then antibiotics

Question 30

what is the likely infecting organism in prosthetic valve endocarditis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 30

s. epidermidis | IV vancomycin + PO rifampicin + IV genta

Question 31

what is the empirical antibiotics of choice in suspected MRSA endocarditis

Answer 31

IV vancomycin + PO rifampicin + IV genta

Question 32

how long should antibiotics be prescribed for endocarditis and what type of antibiotics should be given

Answer 32

IV ABx for 4-6wk | bactericidal

Question 33

how long should you treat s. aureus bacteraemia for and why

Answer 33

2wk to prevent endocarditis

Question 34

what antibiotics are used for non-severe and severe c. diff

Answer 34

non-severe PO metronidazole | severe PO vancomycin +- IV metronidazole

Question 35

what are the likely infecting organisms and what are the empirical antibiotics of choice for peritonitis, biliary tract sepsis and intra-abdominal infection

Answer 35

polymicrobial coliforms, anaerobes, enterococci IV A+G+M. Allergy: vanco + genta + metron Then step down to PO co-trimox + metron

Question 36

what is a complication of e. coli 0157 and what age groups are affected by it

Answer 36

haemolytic uraemic syndrome | <5 or >65 years

Question 37

what are the likely infecting organisms in cellulitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 37

s. aureus, group A beta haemolytic strep IV/PO fluclox Allergy: doxy

Question 38

what is the likely infecting organisms in acute and in acute on chronic diabetic foot

Answer 38

acute: s. aureus | acute on chronic: polymicrobial s. aureus, coliforms, anaerobes

Question 39

what is the empirical antibiotic of choice in mild and severe diabetic foot

Answer 39

mild: fluclox mild with allergy: doxy severe: fluclox + metron severe with allergy: doxy + metron

Question 40

when to prescribe antibiotic for a COPD exacerbation

Answer 40

only if increased sputum purulence or consolidation on CXR

Question 41

what is the likely infecting organism in septic arthritis and osteomyelitis and what is the empirical antibiotic of choice

Answer 41

s. aureus | IV bactericidal fluclox 4-6wk

Question 42

what investigations are required for septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

Answer 42

blood culture, joint aspirate/washout, bone sample

Question 43

what antibiotics are given for open fracture prophylaxis

Answer 43

IV co-amoxiclav | allergy: IV co-trimox + metron

Question 44

what antibiotics are given for sepsis of unknown source

Answer 44

IV A+G+M | allergy: IV vanco + metron + genta

Question 45

what antibiotic is safe in type 1 penicillin allergy

Answer 45

aztreonam

Question 46

what antibiotic prophylaxis is given for total hip replacements

Answer 46

genta + fluclox 24hr only

Question 47

e. coli 0157 mx

Answer 47

supportive only