Antibiotics

Question 1

Define antibiotics

Answer 1

Chemicals that inhibit specific bacteria

Question 2

Define Bacteriostatic

Answer 2

Prevents the growth of bacteria

Question 3

Define Bactericidal

Answer 3

Kills bacteria directly

Question 4

Gram-positive

Answer 4

The cell wall retains a stain or resists decolonization with alcohol

Question 5

Gram-negative

Answer 5

The cell wall loses a stain or is decolorized by alcohol

Question 6

What is the prototype for Aminoglycosides?

Answer 6

Gentamicin (Garamycin)

Question 7

What is the prototype for Cephalosporins?

Answer 7

Cefaclor (ceclor)

Question 8

What is the prototype for Fluoroquinolones?

Answer 8

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Question 9

Which drugs are considered Macrolides?

Answer 9

Azithromycin & Erythromycin

Question 10

What is the prototype for Penicillin?

Answer 10

Amoxicillin

Question 11

What is the prototype for Sulfonamides?

Answer 11

Cotrimoxazole (Bacterium, Septra)

Question 12

What kind of drugs are categorized as antimycobacterials?

Answer 12

Antituberculosis & Leprostatic

Question 13

Which kind of drug treats serious infections caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli by inhibiting protein synthesis?

Answer 13

Aminoglycosides

Question 14

Define the pharmacokinetics of Aminoglycosides

Answer 14

Poorly absorbed in the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in the urine.

Question 15

What are the adverse effects of Aminoglycosides?

Answer 15

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

Question 16

Which drugs will cause a drug-drug interaction with Aminoglycosides?

Answer 16

Diuretics and neuromuscular blockers

Question 17

Which drug treats infections by susceptible bacteria by interfering with the cell-wall-building ability of bacteria.

Answer 17

Cephalosporins

Question 18

Are cephalosporins Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal?

Answer 18

Both

Question 19

What are the contraindications of cephalosporins?

Answer 19

Allergies to cephalosporins or penicillins

Question 20

What are the adverse effects of cephalosporins?

Answer 20

GI tract effects

Question 21

What are the drugs that will cause a drug-drug interaction with cephalosporins?

Answer 21

Aminoglycosides, oral anticoagulants, and alcohol

Question 22

Which drug treats strains of gram-negative bacteria, including, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin infections by interfering with DNA replication?

Answer 22

Fluoroquinolones

Question 23

What are the pharmacokinetics of Fluoroquinolones?

Answer 23

Absorbed in the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, excrete in the urine and feces

Question 24

What are the contraindications of Fluoroquinolones?

Answer 24

Allergies, pregnancy, and lactation

Question 25

Headache, dizziness, and GI upset are adverse effects of what drugs?

Answer 25

Fluoroquinolones

Question 26

Antacids, quinidine, and theophylline will cause a drug-drug interaction with what type of drug?

Answer 26

Fluoroquinolones

Question 27

Drug that treats respiratory, dermatologic, urinary tract, and GI infections by binding to cell membranes and causing change in protein function and cell death?

Answer 27

Macrolides

Question 28

Are Macrolides Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal?

Answer 28

Both

Question 29

Which drug is absorbed in the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in the bile to feces?

Answer 29

Macrolides

Question 30

Digoxin, oral anticoagulants, theophylline, and corticosteroids will cause a drug-drug interaction with what type of drugs?

Answer 30

Macrolides

Question 31

When would you not give a patient Azithromycin or erythromycin?

Answer 31

When the patient has an allergy of hepatic dysfunction

Question 32

These types of drugs treat infections such as, streptococcal, pneumococcal, and staphylococcal bacteria by inhibiting synthesis of the cell wall in susceptible bacteria

Answer 32

Penicillins

Question 33

Which type of drug is absorbed in the GI tract, metabolized in the liver, excreted unchanged in the urine, and SHOULD be taken on an empty stomach?

Answer 33

Penicillins

Question 34

When would you not give a patient a penicillin based drug?

Answer 34

When the patient has an allergy, has renal disease, is pregnant or is lactating.

Question 35

What are the adverse effects of penicillin drugs?

Answer 35

GI effects, superinfections, bone marrow suppression

Question 36

Which drugs will cause a drug-drug interaction with penicillin based drugs?

Answer 36

Tetracyclines and Aminoglycosides

Question 37

This drug treats infections caused by gram-negative and gram-positive by interfering with cell-wall-building ability of dividing bacteria?

Answer 37

Sulfonamides

Question 38

When should you not given a patient a sulfonamide drug?

Answer 38

When the patient has an allergy or is pregnant

Question 39

Thiazide diuretics and sulfonylureas will cause a drug-drug interaction with which type of drug?

Answer 39

Sulfonamides

Question 40

This drug treats acid-fast bacteria by acting on DNA of the bacteria

Answer 40

Antimycobacterials

Question 41

When a patient has an allergy, renal or hepatic failure, you would not give them this drug

Answer 41

Antimycobacterials

Question 42

What are the adverse effects of antimycobacterials?

Answer 42

GI irritation and CNS effects

Question 43

Rifampin and INH can cause a drug-drug interaction with these types of drugs

Answer 43

Antimycobacterials