Antibiotics midterm 1 Flashcards by Cian Ryan

What is the mode of action of pleuromutilins ?
Time-dependant bacteriocidal
Concentration dependent bacteriocidal
None of these
Bacteriostatic

Bacteriostatic

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Which of the following antibiotics is effective in swine dysentery ?
None of them are effective
Tulathromycin
Tilmicosin
Both are effective

none

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Which is characteristic of amoxicillin’s distribution Moderate : due to its lipophilicity, it can barely cross special barriers, but it can enter the cells

Moderate : due to its water solubility, it can barely cross special barriers and it can barely enter the cell Moderate : due to its water solubility, it can barely cross special barrier but it can enter the cells

Good : due to its lipophilicity, it can cross special barriers and it can enter the cells

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Which is NOT true for cefalexin ?
It is a first generation cefalosporin
It is concentration dependent bacteriocidal
It has postantibiotics effect
It is not inactivated by ß-lactamase producing Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

it is concentrational dependent bacteriocidal

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Cefquinome belongs to the …

Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins

4 generation cephalosporins

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Cefuroxime belongs to the …

Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins
Generation cephalosporins

2 generation cephaloporins

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Which antibiotic is effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius
infections ?
Amoxicillin clavulonic acid
None of them
Flucloxacillin
Ticarcillin clavulonic acid

flucloxacillin

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Which combination can lead to decreased efficacy ?
Phenoxymethylpenicillin + florfenicol
Doxycycline + tulathromycin
Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid
Colistin + amoxicillin

phenoxymethylpenicillin florfenicol

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Risk of selecting resistant bacteria is highest at this antibiotic concentration :
MIC < concentration < MPC
concentration < MIC
concentration > MPC
None of them

mic< concentration< mpc

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Which aminoglycoside is the most toxic among the followings ?
Spectinomycin
Streptomycin
Neomycin
Amikacin

Neomycin

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How can azithromycin be administrated ?
Orally
In IM injection
Both
None of them

orally

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Which substance does NOT belong to the CIA Highest Priority antibiotics category ?
Amoxicillin
Cefquinom
Cefoperazone
Colistin

amoxillin

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Amoxicillin is active against
Mycoplasma spp
None of them
Pseudomonas spp
Chlamydophila spp

none of them

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Which statement is NOT true for chloramphenicol ?
It can cause dose-independent aplastic anemia
It belongs to the table 2 (37/2010 EC)
It can be used topically in ophthalmic products
It is effectively used in sheep foot rot

it is effectively used in sheep foot rot

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What is characteristic to doxycyline’s absorption if given orally ?
Good, food has no effect on it
Good, but it gets worse without food
Bad, therefore they should be given with food
Good, but milk products decrease absorption

Good, food has no effect on it

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What is the mechanism of action of lincosamides ?
Inhibition of peptidoglycane suynthesis
Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis
Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 30S ribosome subunit
Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50S ribosome subunit

Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50S ribosome

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Cefovecin is NOT effective against :
Mycoplasma spp
None of them
Pseudomonas spp
Mycobacterium spp

Mycoplasma spp

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Which antibiotic group does NOT belong to the CIA Highest Priority antibiotics category ?
Pleuromutilines
Polymyxines
Fluroquinolones
IV. Generation cephalosporins

pleuromutilines

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Amoxicillin clavulonic acid is NOT effective in …
Dermatitis in dogs
It’s effective in all of them
Echericha Coli urinary tract infection in dogs
Foot rot

its effective in all of them

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This cefalasporin is effective in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
infections :
Cefoperazon
Ceftiofur
None of them
Cefadroxil

none of them

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Which penicillin derivate has the longest half-life ?
Procaine benzylpenicillin
Benzathine benzylpenicillin
Benzylpenicillin sodium
Their half-life is similar

Benzathine benzylpenicillin

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What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides ?
Inhibition of peptidoglycane synthesis
Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis
Inhibition of protein synthesis
None of them

Inhibition of protein synthesis

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Which is the most toxic macrolide antibiotic ?
Tilmicosin
Tildiprosin
Tilamulin
Tylvalosin

tilmicosin

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Which of the following antibiotics is effective in swine dysentery ?
Tylvalosin
Tildipirosin
Both of them
None of them

Tylvalosin

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Clindamycin is eliminated in dogs … Mostly with urine Mostly through the colon wall Mostly with saliva Mostly with bile

mostly with bile

In which of the flowing cases can we expect antagonism generally ? When combining two 30S protein synthesis inhibitors When combining two antibiotics with different spectrum When combining a 30S and 50S synthesis inhibitor None of them

When combining two 30S protein synthesis inhibitors

In which case can Vancomycin be used ? Dogs with meningitis Life-threatening pneumonia in a calf Severe bacterial enteritis in a pig All of them

Severe bacterial enteritis in a pig

What is the mechanism of action of macrolides ? Inhibition of peptidoglycane synthesis Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis Concentration-dependent bacteriocidal Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50S ribosome subunit

Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50s ribosome subunit

Lincomycin can be used in … Strangles in horses Both of them None of them Mycoplasmosis in poultry (if + spectinomycin)

None of them

Which of the following antibiotics is effective in swine proliferative enteropathy ? tylosin Tulathromycin Both of them None of them

tylosin

Which enzyme is inhibited by sulphonamides ? Dihydrofolate reductase Dihydropteroate synthetase Tetrahydrofolate reductase Tetrahydropteroate reductase

Dihydropteroate synthetase

What is the mode of action of bacitracin ? Bacteriostatic Inhibition of folic acid synthesis Inhibition of protein synthesis Bacteriocidal

Bacteriocidal

High calcium content in the feed inhibits the action of … Colistin Oxytetracycline None of them Both of them

oxytetracycline

In which of the following cases can we expect additive effect generally ? When combining two antibiotics with different spectrum When combining a 30S and a 50S protein synthesis inhibitor When combining two 30S protein synthesis inhibitors When combining a bacteriocidal and a bacteriostatic antibiotic

when combning two antibiotics with different spectrum

Which combination can lead to antagonisitic effect ? Tobramycin + metronidazole Gentamicin + oxytetracycline Sulfamethoxazole + trimethorpim All of them

Gentamicin + oxytetracycline

What does MIC stand for ? Minimum inhibitory concentration Maximum inhibitory concentration Mean inhibitory concentration Median inhibitory concentration

Minimum inhibitory concetration

Which substance acts against a unique target ? Dicloaxacillin Levamisole Trimethoprime Diphenhydramine

Dicloaxacillin

Which combination can lead to additive effect ? Ceftiofur + tulathromycin Metronidazole + gentamicin Tylosin + tulamycin

Metronidazole + gentamicin

Which statement is NOT true for tetracyclines ? They can cause ulcers in the oesophagus if given rapidely They can cause cardiovascular problems if given intravenously They can cause photosensitization They are highly nephrotoxic due to binding to the kidney cortex

They are highly nephrotoxic due to the kidney cortex

Which substance does NOT act against a unique target ? Levamisole Flucloxacillin Phenoxymethylpenicillin Bacitracin

Levamisole

Bacitracin can be given … Orally Topically None of them Both of them

Both of them

Bacitracin can be used against … Urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli Kennel cough Proliferative enteropathy Necrotic enteritis

Necrotic enteritis

This/these substance(s) has poor oral bioavailability Bacitracin Colistin Both of them have good bioavailability Both of them have a poor bioavailability

Both of them have a poor bioavailability

Vancomycin is eliminated … Mostly with the bile Mostly through the colon’s wall Mostly with urine Mostly with saliva

mostly with urine

Which side effect can occur during sulphonamide treatment ? Type III allergic reaction in dogs Both of them Vitamin K deficiency in poultry None of them

Both of them

Which agent can be given IV ? Procaine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillin sodium Benzathine benzylpenicillin Amoxicillin trihydrate

Benzylpenicillin sodium

Risk of selecting resistant bacteria is lowest at this antibiotic concentration : concentration \> MPC concentration \< MIC MIC \< concentration \< MPC None of them

concentration \> Mpc

To which antiobiotic category do III and IV generation cephalosporins belong ? B (restrict) A (avoid) C (caution) D (prudence)

B restrict

Which is the aim when ceftiofur is used The drug concentration should be above MIC as long as possible The drug concentration should be above MIC as much as possible Both should be achieved None of them is true

the drug concentration should be above MIC as long as possible

What is the aim when we use concentration dependent antibiotics ? Giving high dose for a short time Giving high dose for a long time Giving low dose for a short time Giving low dose for a long time

Giving high dose for a short time

Which sulphonamide is called “intestinal disinfectant” Sulfasalazine Sulfaguanidine Sulfaquinoxaline Sulfadimethoxine

sulfaguanidine

What is the mode of action of potentatied sulphonamides ? Concentration-dependent bactericidal Time-dependent bactericidial Bacteriostatic Inhibition of folic acid synthesis

time dependent bactericidal

Which enzyme is inhibited by diaminopyrimidines ? Dihydropteroate synthetase Dihydrofolate reductase Tetrahydrofolate reductase Tetrahydropteroate reductase

dihydrofoalte reductase

Dysbiosis is most likely to occur in this species during sulphonamide treatment : Ruminants Poultry Cats Horses

Horses

Which side effect is characteristic of polymixins Severe liver damage Severe dysbiosis All of them Severe kidney damage

severe kidney damage

Which substance has antiendotoxin effect ? Bacitracin Both of them None of them Polymyxin B

Polymyxin B

Tetracyclines can be effective in Lyme disease Foot rot Kennel cough All of them

all of them

Which of the following agents hast postantibiotic effect ? Phenoxymethylpenicillin All of them Cefalexin Piperacillin

all of them

Cefovecin belongs to the … 1. Generation cefalosporins 2. Genetarion cefalosporins 3. Generation cefalosporins 4. Generation cefalosporins

3 generation cefalosporins

Which combination can lead to additive effect ? Ceftiofur + tulathromycin Metronidazole + gentamicin Tylosin + tulathromycin All of them

Metronidazole +gentamycin

Which sulphonamide has relevant coccidiostatic activity ? Sulfadiazine Sulfaquinoxaline Sulfachlorpyridazine Sulfasalazine

sulfaquinoxaline

Rifampicin can be used in the following case. Escherichia coli diarrhea in swine Kennel cough Rhodococcus equi infection in horses Isospora canis nfection in dogs

Rhodococcus equi infection in horses

This bacterium usually does not produce ß-lactamase enzymes. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Clostridium perfringens Fusobacterium necrophorum Porphyromonas levii

staphylococcus pseudointermedius

Against which type of target do the azoles act ? Unique target Similar target Common target None of them

unique target

In which case can we used bacteriostatic agents ? Middle aged dog, good overall health Pregnant sow Cat infected with Feline Leukemia Virus Old horse

middle aged dog, good overall health

Generally, therapeutic index of chemotherapeutics is highest if they act against … Unique target Similar target Common target There’s no difference

unique target

Generally, therapeutic index of chemotherapeutics is highest if they act against … Unique target Similar target Common target There’s no difference

unique target

Which is characteristic to phenicol’s pharamcokinetics ? Bad, they are not absorbed orally Good, but they can’t cross the special barriers None of them Excellent, they can cross the special barriers and the cell membrane

excellent they can cross the special barriers and the cell membrane

Which agent can be used in Lawsonia intreacellularis infection ? Spectinomycin Both of them None of them Lincomycin

Both of them

What is the combination partner of lincomycin ? Spiramycin Streptomycin Sulbactam Spectinomycin

spectinomycin

Inhibition of dihydropteroate-synthetase is a ………….. in antimicrobial therapy unique target Similar target Common target None of them

Unque target

Which combination can lead to additive effect ? Gentamicin + oxytetracycline Tobramycin + metronidazole Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim All of them

Tobramycin + metronidazole

Cefapirin belongs to the … 1. generation 2. generation 3. generation 4. Genereation

1st generation

Lincomycin frequently show cross resistance with … Spectinomycin Amoxicillin Sulfadiazine Tylosin

tylosin

Dicloxacillin is effective in … E. Coli urinary tract infection in dogs Streptococcus uberis mastitis in cattle Footrot All of them

Streptococcus uberis mastitis in cattle

What does MBC stand for ? Minimum bactericidal concentration Minimum bacteriostatic concentration Mean bactericidal concentration Mean bacteriostatic concentration

minimum bactericidal concentration

Which antibiotic group belongs to the CIA Highest priority antibiotics category ? III generation cephalosporins I generation cephalosporins II generation cephalosporins Phenicols

III generation cepaloporins

Lincomycin can be used in … Swine dysentery Proliferative enteropathy None of them Both of them

Both of them

Ceftriaxone belongs to the … 1. generation 2. generation 3. generation 4. Generation

3rd generation

Amikcain is active against … Methicillin resistant Staph aureus Pasteurella multocida Both of them None of them

both of them

Amoxicillin clavulonic acid is effective in … Dermatitis in dogs All of them Streptococcus uberis mastitis in cattle bite wounds in cats

all

Neomycin is active against … Clostridium perfringens Fusobacterium necrophorum None of them Both of them

None

Which agent can be used in Bachyspira hyodysenteriae infection ? Ceftiofur Both of them None og them Tylvalosin

Tylvalosin

This cephalosporin is effective in methicillin resistant Stpah pseudintermedius infections? Cefquinome Ceftriaxone None of them Cefovecin

none

Procaine benzylpenicillin is given … In IV injection In IM injection Orally All of them are correct

Im injection

There’s NO glycoside bond in the structure of this antibiotic : Streptomycin Amikacin Spectinomycin All of them have glycoside bonds

Spectinomycin

Effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cefalexin Ceftazidime Ampicillin + sulbactam Oxytetracycline

Ceftazidime

The bacterium doesn’t belong to the fastidious Gram-negative organisms : Histophilus somni Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pasteurella multocida Mannheimia hemolytica

pseudomonas aeruginosa

What is the mode of action of ß-lactame antibiotics ? Concentration-dependent bactericidal Time dependent bactericidal Bacteriostatic Depends on the drug’s concentration

Time dependent bactericidal

Which combination can lead to decreased efficacy ? Phenoxymethylpenicillin + florfenicol Doxycycline + tulathromycin Amoxicillin + clavulonic acid Colistin + Amoxicillin

Doxycycline +tulathromycin

Whcich combination can lead to additive effect ? Tylosin + Valnemulin Amikacin + Metronidazole Lincomycin + Spectinomycin All of them

Lincomycin +spectinomycin

Against which type of target do the ß-lactam antibiotics act ? Unique Similar Common None

Unique

What is the mode of action of sulphonamides ? Concentration-dependant bactericidal Bacteriostatic Time-dependent bactericidal (if + DAPs) Inhibition of folic acid synthesis

B and maybe c

What is the mode of action of vancomycin generally ? Bacteriostatic Inhibition of folic acid synthesis Bacteriocidal Inhibition of protein synthesis

Bacteriocidal

What is the mode of action of tetracyclines ? Time-dependent bactericidal Concentration-dependent bactericidal Bacteriostatic Agent-dependent bactericidal

Bacteriostatic

Clindamycin can be used in … Urinary tract infection Both of them None of them Oral cavity infection

oral cavity infection

What is the mode of action of phenicols Time-dependent bactericidal Concentration-dependent bactericidal Agent-dependent bactericidal Bacteriostatic

Bacteriostatic

Florfenicol’s ½ life is the shortest in this species : Cat Dog Swine Cattle

dog

Which mechanism of resistance is characteristics against sulphonamides Efflux pump Decreased penetration Both of them None of them

Decreased penetration

This can be an indication of potentiated sulphonamides Pseudomonas otitis Babesiosis Nocardiosis Heart worm disease

Nocardiosis

Vancomycin can be effective in this condition. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections Proliferative enteropathy Methicillin-resistant Staph aureus infection Lyme disease

Methicillin resistant staph aureus infection

Most nephrotoxic agent among the listed antibiotics : Ampicillin Cefalexin Amikacin Ceftiofur

Amikacin

Which aminoglycoside is the safest among the followings ? Tobramycin Neomycin Spectinomycin Streptomycin

spectinomycin

Which bacterium is ab ovo resistant to ß lactame antibiotics .? Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Staph aureus E. coli

a and b

Which antibiotic is effective against methicillin resistant Staph pseudintermedius infection ? Piperacillin None of them Cefalexin Imipenem

imipenem

What is the mode of action of lincosamides ? Time dependent bactericidal Concentration dependent bactericidal None of these Bacteriostatic

Bacteriostatic

Amikacin is active against … Methicillin resistant Staph aureus Pasteurella Both of them None of them

both

It has the shortest half-life from the listed agents : Ceftiofur crystalline free acid Ceftiofur sodium Cefovecin Ceftiofur hydrochloride

Ceftiofur sodium

Mucipirocin can be given … In IV injection Both of them None of them Topically, in ointment

Topically in ointment

Which side effect is characteristic of tilmicosin ? Both of them Tissue irritation Cardiotoxicity None of them

Both

Phenicols can be used in … Bovine respiratory disease complex Aeromonas Salmonidae infection None of them Both of them

both

Most effective meningitis from the listed agents : Amox + calvulonic acid Ceftriaxone Cefovecin Pivampicicillin

ceftriaxone

Which of the following antibiotics is effectine in swine proliferative enteropathy ? Both of them Tylosin Lincomycin None of them

Both

What is the mechanism of action of phenicols ? Inhibition of peptidoglycane synthesis Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 30S ribosome subunit Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50S ribosome subunit

Inhibition of protein synthesis on the 50 s ribosome subunit

Which combination can lead to decreased efficacy ? Amox + tetracycline Spectinomycin + lincomycin Ampicillin + sulbactam Streptomycin + benzylpenicillin procaine

amox+tetracycline

Acetyl-sulpha cyrstals are dissoved in this pH. Acidic Alkalic They can be dissolved on every pH level Neutral

alkalic

Which agent belongs to glycopeptide antibiotics ? Valnemulin Colistin Vancomycin Mupirocin

Vancomycin

Which combination can lead to antagonistic effect? Amikacin + metronidazole Tylosin + valnemulin Lincomycin + spectinomycin All of them

Tylosin+valnemulin

Which combination can lead to decreased efficacy ? Tiamulin + lincomycin Tobramycin + cefadroxil Metronidazole + gentamicin Ceftriaxone + amikacin

Tiamulin + lincomycin

Which statement is true ? MBC \> MIC MBC \< MPC MIC \> MPC None of them are correct

None

This side effect is NOT characteristic to phenicols Dose-dependent anemia Immunosupression Tissue irritation Kidney damage

Kidney damage

Clindamycin can be used in … Bite wounds Toxoplasmosis None of them Both of them

Bite wounds

Which agent can be used in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infection ? Ceftiofur Both None Tylvalosin

Tylvalosin

Which of the following antibiotics is effective in Campylobacter infection in dogs? Both of them Clindamycin Erythromycin None of them

Erythromycin

Phenoxymethylpenicillin in NOT effective in … Tetanus Dermatitis in dogs Botulism Necrotic enteritis in poultry

Dermatitis in dogs

This can be an indication of potentiated sulphonamides : Keratoconjunctivits sicca Toxoplasmosis Tuberculosis Botulism

Toxoplasmosis

Crystalluria is most likely to occur in this species during sulphonamide treatment : Dogs Cats Horses Sulphonamides can’t cause crystalluria

Cats

Aminoglycosides are eliminated … In inactive form, via kidney In active form, via bile In active form, via kidney None of them

In active form via kidney

How can Tylosin be administrated ? Both of them None Orally In injection

orally

What is the mode of action of rifamycins Inhibition of protein synthesis Bacteriostatic Bactericidal Inhibition of folic acid synthesis

Bactericidal

Which side effect can occur during sulphonamide treatment ? Severe dysbiosis in horses Irreversible keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs Both None

Both

What is the mechanism of action ß-lactame antibiotics ? Inhibition of protein synthesis Inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis None of them are correct

Inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis

Phenicols can be used in … Urinary tract infection Both None Swine respiratory disease complex

Swine respiratory disease complex

Cefacetril belongs to the … 3. generation 2. generation 1. generation 4. Generation

1. generation

Which statement is true for phenicols ? They can’t be given to food producing animals because they belong to Table 2 They have narrow spectrum, they are not effective against Pseudomonas They are eliminated with urine in active form, so they are effective in UTI Their half-life is different in different species

Their half life is different in different species

What does MPC stand for ? Mutant prevention concentration Minimum preventive concentration Minimum postantibiotic concentration Maximum postantibiotic concentration

Mutant prevention concentration

Aminoglycosides are … Nephro- and hepatotoxic, and they can cause convulsion Nephro- and ototoxic, and they can increase the risk of convulsion Oto- and nephrotoxic, and they can cause paralysis Oto- and neurotoxic, and they can severely damage the kidneys if administered orally

Which agent would you use in a E. coli UTI ? Phenocymethylpenicillin Amox Oxacillin None of them

Amox

What is the mechanism of action of lincosamides ? Time-dependent bactericidal Inhibition of folic acid synthesis Cell wall synthesis inhibition Inhibition of protein synthesis

Inhibition of protein synthesis

Which of the following antibiotics is effective in Rhodococcus equi infection ? Erythromycin Tylosin Lincomycin Gentamicin

Erythromycin

Amoxicillin’s oral distribution is the worst in this species: Dog Pig Chicken Cat

pig

Which statement is false : MPC \> MBC MBC \> MIC MPC \> MIC MBC \> MPC

MBC\> MPC

Which substance does NOT belong to the CIA highest priority antibiotics category Amox Cequinome Cefoperazon Colistin

AMOX

Rifampicin can be used in the following case Atrophic rhinitis in Su Lyme disease Mycobacteriosis Swine dysentery

mycobacteriosis

Florenfenicol half-life is longuest in this species : Dog Cattle Swine Cat

Cattle

Which side effect is not likely to occur during sulfonamide treatment ? Bone marrow damage Dysbacteriosis Allergic reaction Kidney damage

Bone marrow damage

Which sulfonamide can be given topically ? Sulfachlorpyrazine Sulfadiazine Sulfasalazine All of them can be used topically

All of them can be used topically

What is true about resistance to sulphonamides ? Resistance is frequent, but it’s only chromosomal Both chromosomal and plasmid encoded resistance are frequent Resistance is frequent, but only in plasmid and integron mediated form Resistance is very rare due to special mechanism of action

Both chromosomal and plasmid encoded resistance are frequent

This cefalosporin has the best distribution among the listed substances Cefuroxime Cefalexin Ceftriaxone Cefapirin

Ceftriaxone

What is the relationship between MIC and MBC values ? MBC \< MIC MBC \< MIC MB MIC Depends on the antibiotic

depends on the antibiotic

Tildipirosin can reach an effective concentration in the lungs for approximatively

14 28 days