ANTIBIOTICS OMG

Question 1

which monobactam can be used to tx pseudmonas/gram - coverage & has NO CROSS RXN WITH PCN = safe in those will allergy?

Answer 1

AZTREONAM

Question 2

what 3 drugs are SPECIFIC for Streptococcus?

Answer 2

Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin

*adding a B-lactamase inhibitor to this will not cover MRSA

Question 3

GRAM - Gut bacteria(cholecystis, UTI, Pyelo, bowl): Ecoli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Citrobacter infection tx w/….

Answer 3

quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, piperacillin, ticarcillin, aztreonam, cephalosporins

Question 4

Doxycycline is excellent for…

Answer 4

chlamydia, lyme(not cns), 7th CN palsy(not cns), minor MRSA of the skin, rickettsia

Question 5

how do you treat severe MSRA?

Answer 5

Vancomycin, linezolid, CEFTAROLINE

Question 6

why dnt we give neonates ceftriaxone?

Answer 6

bc they have impaired biliary metabolism = needs time to develop

Question 7

prego women with cystitis tx?

Answer 7

Nitrofurantoin

Question 8

why dont we use methacillin anymore?

Answer 8

causes intersitial nephritis

Question 9

1/2 syphilis if allergic to PCN?

Answer 9

doxy!

Question 10

what drug can you use if hte person has a PCN allergy but only gets rashes?

Answer 10

cephalosporins

Question 11

PCN allergy but has major infection needing PCN. tx?

Answer 11

Vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin

Question 12

2 cephalosporins with natural pseudomonas coverage?

Answer 12

ceftazidime, cefepime

Question 13

side fx of quinolones?

Answer 13

bone growth abnormalities = dnt use in kids or prego’s! & Tendonitis/achiles tendon rupture

*likes to go to bone! = great for osteomyelitis

Question 14

which cephalosporins increase risk of bleeding via depletion of prothrombin?

Answer 14

cefoxitin + cefotetan =2nd gen w/anaerobic coverage used to tx PID

Question 15

doxy side fx?

Answer 15

tooth discoloration(children), photosensitivity, esophagitis

Question 16

what is red man syndrome?

Answer 16

rapid infusion of vancomycin releases histamine causing pt to turn red = slow the infusion of vancomycin to avoid this

Question 17

Tx of PID?

Answer 17

Cefotetan or cefoxitin + doxy

*this is bc both cef will cover anaerobes!

Question 18

which quinolones also cover pseudomonas?

Answer 18

levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin

Question 19

TMP-SMX can be used for…

Answer 19

cystitis, pneumocystis, minor MSRA of the skin

Question 20

side fx of TMP-SMX

Answer 20

rash, hemolysis(G6PD), Bone marrow suppression(folate antagonist)

Question 21

aminoglycosides good against anaerobes?

Answer 21

nope!

Question 22

adding a B-lactam to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin & PCN will add coverage to what….

Answer 22

will now cover staph in addition to strep.

Question 23

what drug would you use to treat abdominal anaerobes?

Answer 23

Metronidazole > all carbapenems, piperacillin & ticarcillin
*metro is preferred though but all work

Question 24

Tx of stage 1 lyme, stage 2 and stage 3?

Answer 24

stage 1 = amoxicillin or doxy
stage 2 = doxy
stage 3/cns shit, heart = ceftriaxone

Question 25

which two strep drugs also cover anaerobes?

Answer 25

piperacillin and ticarcillin

Question 26

tx of uncomplicated pyelonephritis/cystitis due to ecoli?

Answer 26

CIPROFLOXACIN = great gram - coverage

Question 27

what are teh only cephalosporins that cover anaerobes?

Answer 27

cefotetan & cefoxitin

Question 28

what antibiotics have NO anaerobic covers?

Answer 28

aminoglycosides, aztreonam, FQ, Oxacillin/nafcillin and all cephalosporins EXCEPT Cefoxitin & Cefotetan which do cover anaerobes

Question 29

which cephalosporin is 1st line for pneumococcus(meningitis & CAP, gonorrhea)

Answer 29

ceftriaxone *also tx lyme of the heart or brain!

Question 30

Which cephalosporin is the only one that covers MSRA & some gram -'s?

Answer 30

Ceftaroline (5th gen)

Question 31

which cephalosporin can be given to neonates & ppl with bacterial peroitonitis? why?

Answer 31

cefotaxime = doesnt mess with the liver!

Question 32

which cephalosporin messes will biliary metabolism?

Answer 32

ceftriaxone = dnt use in babies or ppl with liver shit use Cefotaxime instead

Question 33

Piperacillin/tazobactam coverage?

Answer 33

gram -, anaerobes and ENTEROCOCCI = gut shit

Question 34

PCN allergy tx with minor infections

Answer 34

macrolides(azithromycin, clarithromycin), clindamycin, TMP/SMX

Question 35

how do you treat minor infections of MSRA? (ex: cellulitis)

Answer 35

TMP/SMX, Clindamycin, Doxycycline

Question 36

what drug do we used to tx lyme of the heart or the brain?

Answer 36

ceftriaxone

Question 37

girl whos taking phenylzine(or selegaline) comes in with a severe MSRA infection. She gets treatment and develops serotonin syndrome. What was she treated with?

Answer 37

Linezolid = causes thrombocytopenia and interfears with MAOI's

Question 38

PCN alternate for person who gets anaphylaxis to PCN

Answer 38

clindamycin or Linezolid

Question 39

side fx of aminoglycosides?

Answer 39

nephrotoxic + ototoxic

Question 40

what is the only carbepenem that doesnt cover pseudomonas?

Answer 40

ertapenem! *imipenem, meropenem & doripenem all cover pseudomonas

Question 41

which drugs can be used to tx PCN resistant CAP?

Answer 41

FQs

Question 42

drugs that cover pseudomonas(9)

Answer 42

gentamicin, Pip-tazo, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, tobramycin, meropenem, doripenem

Question 43

Which drugs cover anaerobes?

Answer 43

PCN(amp, amox), Clindamycin(URI only), metro, pipacillin, carbapenems, cefoxitin, cefotetan

Question 44

drug of choice for respiratory anaerobes?

Answer 44

clindamycin

Question 45

how do you treat MSSA(methacillin sensitive staph aureus)? IV? PO?

Answer 45

IV: oxacillin/nafcillin or cefazolin PO: dicloxacillin or cephalexin