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MTBs Step 3 > ANTIBIOTICS OMG > Flashcards

ANTIBIOTICS OMG Flashcards

1
Q

why dont we use methacillin anymore?

A

causes intersitial nephritis

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2
Q

how do you treat MSSA(methacillin sensitive staph aureus)? IV? PO?

A

IV: oxacillin/nafcillin or cefazolin
PO: dicloxacillin or cephalexin

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3
Q

how do you treat severe MSRA?

A

Vancomycin, linezolid, CEFTAROLINE

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4
Q

how do you treat minor infections of MSRA? (ex: cellulitis)

A

TMP/SMX, Clindamycin, Doxycycline

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5
Q

Which cephalosporin is the only one that covers MSRA & some gram -‘s?

A

Ceftaroline (5th gen)

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6
Q

girl whos taking phenylzine(or selegaline) comes in with a severe MSRA infection. She gets treatment and develops serotonin syndrome. What was she treated with?

A

Linezolid = causes thrombocytopenia and interfears with MAOI’s

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7
Q

what drug can you use if hte person has a PCN allergy but only gets rashes?

A

cephalosporins

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8
Q

PCN alternate for person who gets anaphylaxis to PCN

A

clindamycin or Linezolid

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9
Q

PCN allergy but has major infection needing PCN. tx?

A

Vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin

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10
Q

PCN allergy tx with minor infections

A

macrolides(azithromycin, clarithromycin), clindamycin, TMP/SMX

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11
Q

what 3 drugs are SPECIFIC for Streptococcus?

A

Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin

*adding a B-lactamase inhibitor to this will not cover MRSA

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12
Q

adding a B-lactam to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin & PCN will add coverage to what….

A

will now cover staph in addition to strep.

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13
Q

what is the only carbepenem that doesnt cover pseudomonas?

A

ertapenem!

*imipenem, meropenem & doripenem all cover pseudomonas

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14
Q

which two strep drugs also cover anaerobes?

A

piperacillin and ticarcillin

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15
Q

which quinolones also cover pseudomonas?

A

levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin

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16
Q

what are teh only cephalosporins that cover anaerobes?

A

cefotetan & cefoxitin

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17
Q

what drug would you use to treat abdominal anaerobes?

A

Metronidazole > all carbapenems, piperacillin & ticarcillin
*metro is preferred though but all work

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18
Q

drug of choice for respiratory anaerobes?

A

clindamycin

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19
Q

what antibiotics have NO anaerobic covers?

A

aminoglycosides, aztreonam, FQ, Oxacillin/nafcillin and all cephalosporins EXCEPT Cefoxitin & Cefotetan which do cover anaerobes

20
Q

what is red man syndrome?

A

rapid infusion of vancomycin releases histamine causing pt to turn red = slow the infusion of vancomycin to avoid this

21
Q

Tx of PID?

A

Cefotetan or cefoxitin + doxy

*this is bc both cef will cover anaerobes!

22
Q

which cephalosporin is 1st line for pneumococcus(meningitis & CAP, gonorrhea)

A

ceftriaxone

*also tx lyme of the heart or brain!

23
Q

what drug do we used to tx lyme of the heart or the brain?

A

ceftriaxone

24
Q

why dnt we give neonates ceftriaxone?

A

bc they have impaired biliary metabolism = needs time to develop

25
Q

2 cephalosporins with natural pseudomonas coverage?

A

ceftazidime, cefepime

26
Q

drugs that cover pseudomonas(9)

A

gentamicin, Pip-tazo, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, tobramycin, meropenem, doripenem

27
Q

which cephalosporin can be given to neonates & ppl with bacterial peroitonitis? why?

A

cefotaxime = doesnt mess with the liver!

28
Q

which cephalosporins increase risk of bleeding via depletion of prothrombin?

A

cefoxitin + cefotetan =2nd gen w/anaerobic coverage used to tx PID

29
Q

which cephalosporin messes will biliary metabolism?

A

ceftriaxone = dnt use in babies or ppl with liver shit use Cefotaxime instead

30
Q

which monobactam can be used to tx pseudmonas/gram - coverage & has NO CROSS RXN WITH PCN = safe in those will allergy?

A

AZTREONAM

31
Q

which drugs can be used to tx PCN resistant CAP?

A

FQs

32
Q

tx of uncomplicated pyelonephritis/cystitis due to ecoli?

A

CIPROFLOXACIN = great gram - coverage

33
Q

side fx of quinolones?

A

bone growth abnormalities = dnt use in kids or prego’s! & Tendonitis/achiles tendon rupture

*likes to go to bone! = great for osteomyelitis

34
Q

aminoglycosides good against anaerobes?

A

nope!

35
Q

side fx of aminoglycosides?

A

nephrotoxic + ototoxic

36
Q

Doxycycline is excellent for…

A

chlamydia, lyme(not cns), 7th CN palsy(not cns), minor MRSA of the skin, rickettsia

37
Q

Tx of stage 1 lyme, stage 2 and stage 3?

A

stage 1 = amoxicillin or doxy
stage 2 = doxy
stage 3/cns shit, heart = ceftriaxone

38
Q

doxy side fx?

A

tooth discoloration(children), photosensitivity, esophagitis

39
Q

1/2 syphilis if allergic to PCN?

A

doxy!

40
Q

prego women with cystitis tx?

A

Nitrofurantoin

41
Q

TMP-SMX can be used for…

A

cystitis, pneumocystis, minor MSRA of the skin

42
Q

side fx of TMP-SMX

A

rash, hemolysis(G6PD), Bone marrow suppression(folate antagonist)

43
Q

Piperacillin/tazobactam coverage?

A

gram -, anaerobes and ENTEROCOCCI = gut shit

44
Q

Which drugs cover anaerobes?

A

PCN(amp, amox), Clindamycin(URI only), metro, pipacillin, carbapenems, cefoxitin, cefotetan

45
Q

GRAM - Gut bacteria(cholecystis, UTI, Pyelo, bowl): Ecoli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Citrobacter infection tx w/….

A

quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, piperacillin, ticarcillin, aztreonam, cephalosporins

MTBs Step 3 (30 decks)

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