antibiotics topic 6

Question 1

describe bacteriocidal antibiotics

Answer 1

kills bacteria by destrpying cell wall and causing lysis

Question 2

describe bacteriostatic antibiotics

Answer 2

prevents multiplication of bacteria by preventing protein synthesis and production of nucleic acids

Question 3

explain how bacteria becomes resistant to antibiotics

Answer 3

• natural selection
• bacteria not killed by antibiotic possess a selective advantage
• survive and reproduce
  -allele for antibiotic resistance is passed on creating an antibiotic resistant strain

Question 4

what ways have hospitals developed of. preventing antibiotic resistance?

Answer 4

• patients are screened at arrival and isolated and treated if infected to prevent spread of bacteria
• antibiotics only used when needed
• course always completed to ensure all bacteria destroyed
• hand wash stations
• wearing suitable clothing e.g no ties

Question 5

describe mRNA splicing

Answer 5

• a gene is transcribed producing pre-mRNA
• introns are removed
• remaining genes joined back together by an enzyme called spliceosomes
• same exons can be joined in a variety of ways producing a variety of different proteins from the same gene