Antibody

Question 1

Substances, spec. glycoproteins, produced by B lymphocytes/plasma cells in response to antigenic stimulation

Answer 1

ANTIBODIES/IMMUNOGLOBULINS

Question 2

Immune response in which antibody production occurs

Answer 2

HUMORAL

Question 3

Same with antibody classes
Lies in the heavy chain
Pertain to IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE, IgD

Answer 3

ISOTYPE

Question 4

Genetically determined differences, spec. in the amino acid sequence in the constant region

Answer 4

ALLOTYPE

Question 5

VARIABLE REGION of the antibody

Answer 5

IDIOTYPE

Question 6

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
1. Four (4) polypeptide chains:

Answer 6

2 IDENTICAL LIGHT CHAINS & 2 IDENTICAL HEAVY CHAINS

Question 7

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
2. Both light & heavy chains held together by

Answer 7

COVALENT DISULFIDE BONDS

Question 8

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
3. Heavy chains interconnected by

Answer 8

DISULFIDE LINKAGES

Question 9

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
4. 2 Terminal Regions:

Answer 9

CARBOXYTERMINAL
AMINOTERMINAL

Question 9

CONSTANT REGION
Constant amino acid sequence
Fc (crystallizable fragment / fragment crystallin) is present

Answer 9

CARBOXYTERMINAL

Question 10

VARIABLE REGION
Varying antibody specificity
Determines the idiotype
Hypervariable portion of the variable region specifically binds with the epitope

Answer 10

AMINOTERMINAL

Question 11

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
5. Treatment with PAPAIN will produce 3 fragments:

Answer 11

ONE Fc FRAGMENT
TWO Fab FRAGMENTS

Question 12

Fragment crystalline
Involve in the Ig biologic function

Answer 12

ONE Fc FRAGMENT

Question 13

Ig Biologic Function:

Answer 13

COMPLEMENT FIXATION
PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF Ig
BINDING SITE FOR CELLS

Question 14

Antigen binding even without the Fc but cannot agglutinate or precipitate (MONOVALENT)

Answer 14

TWO Fab FRAGMENTS

Question 15

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
6. Treatment with PEPSIN results in:

Answer 15

DIGESTION OF Fc FRAGMENT –> 2 Fab FRAGMENTS - 2 Ag COMBINING SITES (BIVALENT) –> Ag BINDING, PRECIPITATION, AND AGGLUTINATION

Question 16

alpha, gamma, mu, epsilon, delta

Answer 16

HEAVY CHAIN

Question 17

Site for the gene for heavy chain synthesis

Answer 17

CHROMOSOME 14

Question 18

Either kappa or lambda
Found in two different loci

Answer 18

LIGHT CHAIN

Question 19

Site for kappa light chain

Answer 19

CHROMOSOME 2

Question 20

Site for lambda light chain

Answer 20

CHROMOSOME 22

Question 21

Glycoprotein
Linking / bridging monomers together
Found in antibodies which consist of 2/more monomers

Answer 21

J CHAIN / JOINING CHAIN

Question 22

___ - pentamer
___ - dimer

Answer 22

IgM
SECRETORY IgA

Question 23

DOMAINS OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN:

Answer 23

VCH23CLH

VARIABLE REGION
CH2 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 2)
CH3 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 3)
CL (CONSTANT LIGHT CHAIN)
HINGE REGION

Question 24

Specificity Antigen binding site Consists of Fab region

Answer 24

VARIABLE REGION

Question 25

Binds with complement Involved in the classical pathway

Answer 25

CH2 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 2)

Question 26

Recognition site for antibody Initiates classical pathway when bind

Answer 26

C1q

Question 26

Antibodies involved in classical pathway

Answer 26

IgM & IgG

Question 27

Cytotropic reactions involving WBCs Links to the receptor on cell membrane

Answer 27

CH3 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 3)

Question 28

WBCs:

Answer 28

MMMCB MACROPHAGES MONOCYTES MAST CELLS CYTOTOXIC KILLER CELLS B CELLS

Question 29

Responsible for light chain type Either ___ but ___

Answer 29

CL (CONSTANT LIGHT CHAIN) KAPPA OR LAMBDA NEVER BOTH

Question 30

KAPPA = ___% LAMBDA = ___%

Answer 30

65 35

Question 31

Between CH1 & CH2 Flexible region Flexibility of the antibody can squeeze through or penetrate membranes and other structures Flexibility is attributed to the amino acid that is abundantly present in it

Answer 31

HINGE REGION

Question 32

Amino acid responsible for its flexibility

Answer 32

PROLINE

Question 33

Classes of Immunoglobulins:

Answer 33

GAMED IgG IgA IgM IgE IgD

Question 34

Predominant Ig in humans bc ___

Answer 34

IgG LONGEST RETENTION TIME / LONGEST CIRCULATION LIFE

Question 35

Provides immunity to the newborn bc ___ bc ___

Answer 35

IgG CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA SMALLEST

Question 36

Antibodies that can cross the placenta

Answer 36

IgG1 & IgG3

Question 37

When IgG crosses placenta, the maternal Ab provides immunity to newborn

Answer 37

ACQUIRED NATURAL PASSIVE IMMUNITY

Question 38

Mother and baby different blood types Sensitize fetal RBCs → ___ → ___

Answer 38

INCOMPATIBLE PREGNANCY LYSIS HDFN (HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE FETUS AND NEWBORN)

Question 39

Fixation of complement Most to least potent

Answer 39

IgG IgG3 > IgG1 > IgG2

Question 40

IgG - Opsonization aka ___

Answer 40

FACILITATED PHAGOCYTOSIS

Question 41

Molecule that enhances phagocytosis by facilitating the linking or cross-bridging of the phagocytes and the target Ag

Answer 41

OPSONIN

Question 42

Toxin and virus neutralization Participates in agglutination and precipitation reaction

Answer 42

IgG

Question 43

Best precipitating Ab Monomer Has no J chain Predominant Ab in secondary / anamnestic response

Answer 43

IgG

Question 44

4 Subclasses of IgG: % of total IgG - number of disulfide bonds

Answer 44

IgG1 - 60% - 2 IgG2 - 23% - 4 IgG3 - 7% - 15 IgG4 - 4% - 2

Question 45

Predominant Ab in primary immune response

Answer 45

IgM

Question 46

IgM - first to appear in ___ and the last to leave in ___

Answer 46

PHYLOGENY SENESCENCE

Question 47

First to appear after a primary antigenic stimulus

Answer 47

IgM

Question 48

Pentameric structure

Answer 48

IgM

Question 49

Functions of IgM:

Answer 49

CAOT COMPLEMENT FIXATION AGGLUTINATION OPSONIZATION TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION

Question 50

Most potent Best in fixing complement bc ___

Answer 50

IgM BIGGEST

Question 51

Best agglutinating antibody

Answer 51

IgM

Question 52

IgA exist as ___ in plasma and ___ in secretion

Answer 52

MONOMER DIMER

Question 53

Responsible for mucosal immunity

Answer 53

IgA

Question 54

Only antibody with ___ - responsible for maintaining the structure of the antibody by preventing the enzymatic degradation of the structure

Answer 54

SECRETORY COMPONENT

Question 55

2 Subclasses of IgA:

Answer 55

IgA1 & IgA2

Question 56

Function is still unknown but believes to play a role in IMMUNOREGULATION

Answer 56

IgD

Question 57

Control of antibody secretion and release in the circulation

Answer 57

IMMUNOREGULATION

Question 58

Found on the surface of B-lymphocytes

Answer 58

IgD

Question 59

Postulated to be an anti-idiotypic antibody

Answer 59

IgD

Question 60

Monomer

Answer 60

IgD

Question 61

Least abundant Ig in the serum

Answer 61

IgE

Question 62

Heat-labile antibody

Answer 62

IgE

Question 63

Binds strongly to mast cell and basophil receptor

Answer 63

IgE

Question 64

Site of histamine production

Answer 64

MAST CELL

Question 65

Mediates some types of hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 65

IgE

Question 66

Other name of IgG

Answer 66

SERUM Ig

Question 67

Other name of IgA

Answer 67

SECRETORY Ig

Question 68

Other name of IgM

Answer 68

PENTAMERIC Ig

Question 69

Other name of IgE

Answer 69

REAGINIC Ig