Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HLSC 220 Pharmacotherapeutics for Health Professionals 💊 > Antidysrhythmic Drugs - Ch. 52 > Flashcards

Antidysrhythmic Drugs - Ch. 52 Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is a dysrhythmia?

A

Any deviation from the normal rate/rhythm of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an arrhythmia?

A

“no rhythm”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Asystole?

A

No heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are tachydysrhythmias?

A

Increased heart rate
-More common
-treated with drugs and other stuff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are bradydysrhythmias?

A

Slowed heart rate
Electrical pacing
-Treated with Atropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What caused dysrhythmias?

A

Ischemic heart disease
MI
Cardiomyopathy
myocarditis
electrolyte imbalanses (e.g, abnomral K+ level)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are antidysrythmics?

A

Drugs used for the treatment and prevention in cardiac rate and/or rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most antidysrythmics do what?

A

Supress abnormal electrical impulse formation or conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What produces cardiac electrical activity?

A

SA node cells
AV node cells
Purkinje fibres cells
Ventricular cells

-Electrical activity differs with each cell type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What results in action potential in cardiact muscle?

A

Movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does action potential cause the contarction of?

A

Myocaridal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In SA and AV node cells what does action potential depend on?

A

Ca2+ influx via calcium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In ventricular/atrial cardiac muscle cells how does action potential start?

A

With Na+ influx (depolarization) via sodium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In ventricular/atrial cardiac muscle cells how does action potential end?

A

K+ efflex (repolarization) via potassium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the symptoms of dysrhythmias?

A

Palpitations
Dizziness
Fainting
Dyspnea
or asymptomatic sometimes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the HR of someone with supraventricular tachycardia?

A

120-250 beats/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the kinds of supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Paroxysmal
Persistent
Permanent
Atrial flutter
Atrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Episodic, starts suddenly and returns to normal within ~24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Persistent supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Episodes last longer than 7 days
Usually treatment is needed to return the heart to a normal rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Permanent supraventricular tachycardia?

A

dysrhythmia lasts for more than a year despite medications and other treatments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the most common supraventricular tachycardia type?

A

Atrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Ventricular tachycardia (VT)?

A

problem with ventricular muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How long is non-sustained VT?

A

<30sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How long is sustained VT?

A

> 30sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What do supraventricular dysrythmias affect?
Ventricular contraction rate -A-V block desireable
26
What dysrhythmias are more dangerous?
Ventricular are more dangerous than supraventricular
27
How is the large variety of antidysrhythmic drugs classified?
Vaughan Williams classification
28
What can allantidysrhythmics cause?
Dysrhythmias -Create new and/or worsen existing ones
29
How are drugs classified with Vaughan Williams classification?
Into Class Ia,b,c, Class II, Class III, Class IV and unclassified
30
What are Class Ia, Ib, Ic antidysrhythmic drugs?
Na Channel blockers
31
What are Class II antidysrythmic drugs?
beta-blockers
32
What are Class III antidysrythmic drugs?
K channel blockers (+ others)
33
What are Class IV antidysrythmic drugs?
Calcium channel blockers
34
What are unclassified antidysrythmic drugs?
Adenosine, digoxin
35
What do Class I: Na channel blockers do?
All block Na channels which slows depolarization
36
Why are Class I: Na channel blockers subdivided?
Because they have differing pharmacological effects
37
What Na channel blockers are in Class Ia?
Quinidine, procainamide and disopyramide
38
What do Class Ia: Na channel blockers do?
-Block Na channels Slows atrial and ventricular rates Delay repolarization (Class III acgtion) Increase the AP duration
39
What are Class Ia: Na channel blockers used for?
Acute onset atrial fibrillation -Premature atrial contractions (PAC) -Premature ventricula contractions (PVCs) -Ventricular tachycardia -Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (cause Tachy, atrial fib/flutter)
40
What Na channel blockers are in Class Ib?
IV Lidocaine
41
What do Class Ib: Na channel blockers do?
-Block Na channels Accelerate repolarization Decrease AP duration
42
What are Class Ib: Na channel blockers used for?
Ventricular dysrhythmias only -PVC -Ventricular tachycardia -Fibrillation after MI
43
What Na channel blockers are in Class Ic?
Flecainide, encainide, propafenone
44
What do Class Ic: Na channel blockers do?
-Block Na channels Little effect on AP duration or repolarization
45
What are Class Ic: Na channel blockers used for?
Severe ventricular dysrhythmias Atrial fibrillation
46
What beta-blockers are in Class II?
Metaprolol, esmolol (IV), propanolol, sotalol
47
What do Class II: Beta-blockers do?
reduce or block sympathetic nervous system stimulation -AV block
48
What are Class II: Beta-blockers used for?
Myocardial depressents for supraventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias
49
What Potassium channel blockers are in Class III?
Amiodarone, dofetilide, sotalol, bretylium
50
What do Class III: Potassium channe blockers do?
Prolong repolarization Prolong cardiac AP, extends refractory period of cells
51
What does Amiodarone also affect?
SA node contractility
52
What is Amiodarone?
Very effective drug but ~75% have serious adverse effects -Lung fibrosis, thyroid
53
How long do you need to use Amiodarone to have serious adverse effects (~75%)?
6 months
54
What percentage of cases of amiodarone causing adverse effects are fatal?
10%
55
What is Amiodarone used for?
Ventricular tachycardia Ventricular fibrillation Atrial fibrillation Atrial flutter -resistant to other drugs Sustained ventricular tachycardia
56
What do Class IV: Calcium Channel Blockers do?
Inhibit Ca entry into the cell (Cardio-active) Act on AV node which reduces conduction velocity -AV block
57
What Calcium channel blockers are in Class IV?
Diltiazem, verapamil
58
What are Class IV: Ca channel blockers used for?
Proxysmal (periodic attack) SVT Rate control for atrial fib and flutter NOT for ventricular dysrythmias
59
What do Unclassified antidysrythmics do (Digoxin and adenosine)?
Decrease AV conduction and SA node automaticity
60
What does digoxin do?
AV block Slows heartrate
61
What does adenosine ddo?
Slows conduction through AV node (AV block)
62
What is Adenosine used for?
Convert paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to sinus rhythm
63
Describe the hald life of adenosine?
Short 10-20 sec
64
What is the only way adenosine is administered?
Fast IV push
65
What may adenosine cause?
Asytole for a few seconds
66
What should the client know to notify a HCP about when taking antidysrhythmics?
Worsening dysrythmia Shortness of breath Edema Dizziness Syncope Signs of toxicity
67
What should clients taking Beta-blockers or digoxin be taught to how to do?
How to take their own radial pulse for 1 full minute -Notify physician if pulse is less than 60bpm before taking next dose
68
What therapeutic response should the nurse monitor for?
Decrease BP in hypertensive clients Decreased edema Regular pulse rate Pulse rate without major irregularities Improved cardiac output

HLSC 220 Pharmacotherapeutics for Health Professionals 💊 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions