Antiemetics

Question 1

What is the primary action of antiemetics?

Answer 1

To prevent or treat nausea and vomiting.

Question 2

Name a common class of antiemetics.

Answer 2

5-HT3 receptor antagonists.

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of ondansetron?

Answer 3

It blocks serotonin receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract.

Question 4

True or False: Antiemetics can only be used for chemotherapy-induced nausea.

Answer 4

False.

Question 5

List one common adverse effect of metoclopramide.

Answer 5

Drowsiness.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Promethazine is classified as a __________.

Answer 6

phenothiazine.

Question 7

What is a serious adverse effect of ondansetron?

Answer 7

QT prolongation.

Question 8

Which antiemetic is often used to treat motion sickness?

Answer 8

Dimenhydrinate.

Question 9

What is the brand name for ondansetron?

Answer 9

Zofran.

Question 10

True or False: All antiemetics can be given orally.

Answer 10

False.

Question 11

Name one drug interaction associated with ondansetron.

Answer 11

Increased risk of serotonin syndrome with SSRIs.

Question 12

What should patients be taught regarding the use of antiemetics?

Answer 12

To take the medication as prescribed and report any severe side effects.

Question 13

Identify one nursing consideration when administering antiemetics.

Answer 13

Assess the patient’s history of allergies.

Question 14

What is the action of scopolamine?

Answer 14

It blocks acetylcholine receptors to prevent motion sickness.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: A common side effect of antihistamine antiemetics is __________.

Answer 15

dry mouth.

Question 16

Which antiemetic is used primarily for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?

Answer 16

Aprepitant.

Question 17

True or False: Metoclopramide can also enhance gastric emptying.

Answer 17

True.

Question 18

What should be monitored after administering antiemetics?

Answer 18

Patient’s response to the medication and any adverse effects.

Question 19

What is a common route of administration for antiemetics?

Answer 19

Oral.

Question 20

Name a contraindication for using promethazine.

Answer 20

Pediatric patients under 2 years of age.

Question 21

What is the primary use of granisetron?

Answer 21

To prevent nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The brand name of metoclopramide is __________.

Answer 22

Reglan.

Question 23

True or False: Antiemetics can cause sedation.

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

What should patients avoid when taking antiemetics that cause sedation?

Answer 24

Alcohol and operating heavy machinery.

Question 25

Identify a potential drug interaction with metoclopramide.

Answer 25

Increased sedation with other CNS depressants.

Question 26

What is the role of dexamethasone in antiemetic therapy?

Answer 26

To prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are most effective when given __________.

Answer 27

before the onset of nausea.

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action of metoclopramide?

Answer 28

It enhances gastric motility and increases lower esophageal sphincter tone.

Question 29

Name a side effect unique to long-term use of metoclopramide.

Answer 29

Tardive dyskinesia.

Question 30

What is a common adverse effect of dimenhydrinate?

Answer 30

Drowsiness.

Question 31

True or False: Anti-nausea medication should not be used during pregnancy.

Answer 31

False, some are safe.

Question 32

What patient education is important for those taking scopolamine?

Answer 32

To apply the patch behind the ear at least 4 hours before travel.

Question 33

Identify one nursing intervention when giving IV antiemetics.

Answer 33

Administer slowly to avoid adverse effects.

Question 34

What is the primary action of dopamine antagonists in antiemetic therapy?

Answer 34

To block dopamine receptors in the brain.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The brand name for granisetron is __________.

Answer 35

Kytril.

Question 36

What is the risk of combining antiemetics with other medications that affect serotonin?

Answer 36

Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.

Question 37

True or False: Antiemetics can be used for postoperative nausea.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

What is the nursing consideration for patients receiving ondansetron?

Answer 38

Monitor for signs of an allergic reaction.

Question 39

Name one common side effect of ondansetron.

Answer 39

Headache.

Question 40

What is a common use for antihistamine antiemetics?

Answer 40

To treat motion sickness.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: A common side effect of antiemetics is __________.

Answer 41

constipation.

Question 42

Identify a patient population that may require dosage adjustments for antiemetics.

Answer 42

Patients with liver impairment.

Question 43

What is one consideration when educating patients about antiemetics?

Answer 43

To inform them about potential side effects.

Question 44

What is the action of the antiemetic aprepitant?

Answer 44

It inhibits substance P/neurokinin 1 receptors.

Question 45

True or False: All antiemetics are available over the counter.

Answer 45

False.

Question 46

What should be assessed before administering antiemetics?

Answer 46

The patient's current medications and medical history.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The primary use of antiemetics is to manage __________.

Answer 47

nausea and vomiting.

Question 48

Which antiemetic is specifically indicated for hyperemesis gravidarum?

Answer 48

Doxylamine/pyridoxine.

Question 49

What is a common adverse effect associated with prochlorperazine?

Answer 49

Extrapyramidal symptoms.

Question 50

True or False: Antiemetics can be administered intramuscularly.

Answer 50

True.

Question 51

What is the importance of timing when administering antiemetics?

Answer 51

To maximize their effectiveness and minimize side effects.

Question 52

Fill in the blank: The antiemetic used for treating nausea from migraines is __________.

Answer 52

metoclopramide.