Antigens Flashcards
An _______ is any molecule that can be specifically recognised by the adaptive elements of the immune response.
Antigen
Generation of ________ responses tends to originate from antigens in the form of large polysaccharides and proteins.
Strong
The region on an antigen which triggers a response a T- or B-lymphocytes is known as an _________.
Epitope
_________ is the ability to induce a humoral and/or cell-mediated response.
Immunogenicity
__________ is the ability to combine specifically with products of the above responses, i.e., antibodies and/or cell-surface receptors.
Antigenicity
Foreignness refers to how any molecule that is not exposed to immature ___________, during their development, is later regarded as ‘foreign’.
Lymphocytes
Molecular size refers to the correlation between ______________ size and its immunogenicity.
Macromolecule
Chemical composition and complexity refers to synthetic ____________ which tend to lack immunogenicity, regardless of their size.
Homopolymers
Large, insoluble, macromolecules are _______ immunogenic than small, soluble macromolecules, as they are more rapidly phagocytosed and processed.
More
_________ lymphocytes are long-lived descendants of activated lymphocytes, are responsible for rapid secondary response, if antigen is encountered again.
Memory
__________ offers memories of synthetic infection situations.
Vaccination
Naïve T-lymphocytes move around with lymphoid organs, transiently interacting with many __________ cells, and stop when they find the antigen they are seeking.
Dendritic
_________ T-cells recognise antigens in lymphoid organs, or in peripheral nonlymphoid tissues, and are activated to perform functions that are responsible for the elimination of microbes and, in the disease state, for tissue damage.
Effector
Cells are present in the recirculating _____, and are abundant in mucosal tissues, etc..
Pool
___________ prolong antigen persistence at certain sites, enhance con-stimulatory signals, increased in local inflammation, inducing granuloma formation, and stimulate lymphocyte proliferation, non-specifically.
Adjuvants
