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Antihistamines, coughs, colds Flashcards

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1
Q

True/False: cyclizine is used to treat nausea

A

True, Cyclizine is a 1st gen H₁ antihistamine with antiemetic properties. Commonly used for nausea & vomiting, especially motion sickness & postop nausea

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2
Q

True/False: desloratadine - allergic rhinitis

A

True, 2nd gen H₁ antagonist, used for seasonal allergic rhinitis, urticaria & hay fever

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3
Q

True/False: diphenhydramine - pruritis

A

True, Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is used for itching (pruritus)

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4
Q

True/False: Fexofenadine - insomnia

A

False, Fexofenadine is a 2nd gen H₁ blocker, therefore doesnt cross the BBB, thus cant be used to Rx insomnia

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5
Q

True/False: loratadine motion sickness

A

False, Loratadine is a s2nd gen H₁ antagonist with minimal CNS penetration, so it is ineffective for motion sickness

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6
Q

True/false: diphenhydramine causes less sedation than desloratadine

A

False, Diphenhydramine is a 1st gen antihistamine that crosses the BBB, whereas, Desloratadine is a 2nd gen antihistamine that doesnt cross the BBB, thus Diphenhydramine causes more sedation

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7
Q

True/false: IV promethazine is used as adjunctive treatment in anaphylaxis

A

True

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8
Q

True/false: loratadine is used to treat allergic rhinitis in asthmatics

A

True

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9
Q

True/false: fexofenadine is used as a postop medication to treat nausea

A

False, Fexofenadine is a 2nd gen antihistamine with no antiemetic properties.

Postop nausea is treated with ondansetron, promethazine, or metoclopramide.

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10
Q

True/false: promethazine is contraindicated in children under 2 years old

A

True, due to risk of fatal respiratory depression

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11
Q

True/False: cyclizine is used in the treatment of motion sickness

A

True, Cyclizine is a 1st gen H₁-antihistamine with antiemetic and anticholinergic properties

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12
Q

True/False: promethazine is used in the treatment of rhinorrhoea due to the common cold

A

True

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13
Q

True/False: diphenhydramine is a Sedative

A

True

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14
Q

True/False: fexofenadine is used in the treatment of vertigo

A

False, 2nd gen antihistamine with minimal CNS penetration > ineffective for vertigo

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15
Q

True/False: desloratadine is a cough suppressant

A

False, Rx for allergic rhinitis

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16
Q

True/false: dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant

A

True

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17
Q

True/false: loratadine causes more sedation than doxylamine

A

False, loratidine = 2nd gen AND doxylamine = 1st gen

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18
Q

True/false: cyclizine is longer acting than desloratadine

A

False, Desloratidine has a longer half-life

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19
Q

True/false: cyproheptadine increases appetite

A

True

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20
Q

True/false: azelastine causes QTc prolongation

A

True

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21
Q

True/false: promethazine decreases tremor in patients with Parkinson’s disease

A

False

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22
Q

True/false: codeine causes respiratory depression in overdose

A

True

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23
Q

True/false: dornase alfa is an expectorant

A

False, mucolytic

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24
Q

True/false: topical phenylephrine causes rebound congestion if used continuously for longer than 5 days

A

True

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25
True/false: guaiphenesin is a mucolytic
False, expectorant
26
True/false: pseudoephedrine is an agonist at alpha-1 –adrenoceptors
True
27
True/false: Chlorpheniramine is used to treat atopic dermatitis
True
28
True/false: Concurrent admin of erythromycin prolongs the half-life of fexofenadine
True
29
True/false: Desloratadine increases the risk of mucus plugging in asthmatic patients
False
30
True/false: Ebastine is used to treat viral rhinitis
False
31
True/false: Loratidine is CI in benign prostatic hypertrophy
False
32
True/false: Effects of orally admin pseudoephedrine a. Decreases the release of NA b. Vasoconstriction in the nasal mucosa c. Sedation d. Bronchoconstriction e. Tachycardia
A - F B - T C - F D - F E - T
33
True/false: desloratadine has a shorter duration of action than chloropheniramine
False
34
True/false: diphenhydramine increases tremors in patients with parkinson's
False, Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic activity, which can help reduce tremors in Parkinson’s disease
35
True/false: diphenhydramine causes constipation as a side effect
True
36
True/false: chloropheniramine is used to treat rhinitis causes by rhinovirus (cold)
True
37
True/false: promethazine causes drowsiness as an adverse effect
True
38
True/false: desloratadine is used to treat allergic rhinitis
True
39
True/false: diphenhydramine is used to treat insomnia
True
40
True/false: doxylamine is used to treat dry coughs
False
41
True/false: cyclizine is used to treat nausea and vomiting
True
42
True/false: loratidine is used to treat motion sickness
False
43
True/false: topical oxymetazoline causes rebound congestion when used for longer than a week
True
44
True/false: pseudoephrine causes drowsiness as an adverse effect
False
45
True/false: codeine splits the disulphide bonds of the protein component of mucous
False, cysteines split, codeins suppress
46
True/false: topical phenylephrine has a longer duration of action than topical oxymetazoline
False
47
True/false: guaifenesin is an expectorant
True
48
True/False: loratadine is used as a local anaesthetic
False
49
True/False: bromhexine is a cough suppressant
False, mucolytic
50
True/False: pseudoephrine causes nasal vasoconstriction
True
51
True/False: codeine is an expectorant
False, cough suppressant
52
True/False: codeine causes diarrhoea
False
53
True/False: dextromethorphan is a mucolytic agent
False, cough suppressant
54
True/False: N-acetylcysteine is a cough suppressant
False, mucolytic
55
True/False: codeine is a mu-opioid receptor agonist
False, antagonist
56
True/False: pseudoephrine is contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertention
True
57
True/False: dornase alpha is used in the treatment of cystic fibrosis
True
58
True/False: oxymetazoline causes the presynaptic release of noradrenaline
False
59
True/False: pseudoephrine is safe to use in patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy
False
60
True/False: diphenhydramine is indicated in atopic dermatitis
True
61
True/False: loratadine is used in the management of rhinorrhoea
True
62
True/False: diphenhydramine is an antitussive
True
63
True/False: desloratadine has a shorter duration of action than diphenhydramine
False
64
True/False: doxylamine is safe to use in pregnancy
True
65
True/false: the following drugs are used in the treatment of rhinitis: oxymetazoline fluticasone propanalol phenylephrine pseudoephrine
True: oxymetazoline, fluticasone, phenylephrine, pseudoephrine False: propanalol
66
True/false: the following antihistamines cause sedation: diphenhydramine promethazine cyclizine loratidine chloropheniramine
1st gen > diphenhydramine, promethazine, cyclizine, chloropheniramine 2nd gen > loratidine
67
True/false: Promethazine can be used as a local anaesthetic
True

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