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Pharmacology > Antihypertensive Drugs > Flashcards

Antihypertensive Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

List 3 ACE inhibitors?

A

Captopril - Enalapril - Perindopril

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2
Q

What is the MOA of ACE inhibitors?

A
  • increase Na and water excretion.

- decrease TPR.

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3
Q

Antihypertensive drug used for diabetic nephropathy.

A

ACE inhibitors ( Captopril or Enalapril )

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4
Q

Losartan - Irbesartan - Candesartan are antihypertensive drugs of which class?

A

ARBs

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5
Q

Antihypertensive drug used for patients intolerant to ACE inhibitors.

A

ARBs ( Losartan or Irbesartan )

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6
Q

List a renin inhibitor drug and its adverse effects.

A

Aliskiren ( diarrhea + Headache )

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7
Q

What is the MOA of B-blockers?

A

Blocks the effect of carecholamines, so reducing the sympathetic outflow.

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8
Q

What are the three classes of B-blockers?

A

Cardioselective - Nonselective + alpha and Beta.

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9
Q

List two cardioselective B-blocker?

A

Atenolol + Metoprolol

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10
Q

List two nonselective (B1 + B2) B-blockers?

A

Propranolol + Nadolol

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11
Q

List two alpha and beta blockers?

A

Labetalol + Carvedilol

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12
Q

A patient present to the ER with stable HF. Which antihypertensive drug is used?

A

Carvedilol

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13
Q

Antihypertensive drug used to treat glaucoma.

A

Timolol

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14
Q

Antihypertensive drug used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

A

Propranolol

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects of B-blockers?

A
  • Bronchoconstriction.
  • Nightmares.
  • Exacerbate and mask hypoglycemia.
  • Depression.
  • Impotence.
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16
Q

List two drugs used for B-blockers toxicity?

A

Isoproterenol + Glucagon

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17
Q

List two Ca channel blockers?

A

Verapamil + Diltiazem

18
Q

Give two Ca channel blockers which can cause increased HR?

A

Amoldipine + Nifedipine

19
Q

Which Ca channel blocker can cause sinus node depression, and it is prevented in case of HF?

A

Verapamil

20
Q

List two thiazides diuretics?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide + Furosemide

21
Q

List two indications of thiazide diuretics?

A
  • Edema due to CHF.

- Edema due to pulmonary congestion.

22
Q

Which antihypertensive dug is associated with gout and hyperglycemia?

A

Thiazide diuretics ( hydrochlorothiazide or Furosemide )

23
Q

List two adverse effects of thiazides?

A

Impotence + Hypokalemia

24
Q

List three K sparing diuretics?

A

Spironolactone - Eplerenone - Amiloride

25
Q

Used with thiazides to prevent hypokalemia.

A

K sparing diuretics ( spironolactone or amiloride )

26
Q

List two endothelial receptor antagonists?

A

Bosentan + ambrisentan

27
Q

Used for pulmonary hypertension.

A

Bosentan or ambrisentan

28
Q

Antihypertensive drug which causes suicidal tendencies.

A

Reserpine

29
Q

List two alpha2 agonists?

A

Methyldopa + Clonidine

30
Q

Used for pregnancy hypertension.

A

Methyldopa

31
Q

Alpha2 agonist causes prolactinemia and hemolytic anemia.

A

Methyldopa

32
Q

Antihypertensive drug, causes dry mouth and mental depression.

A

Clonidine

33
Q

Used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

A

Prazosin ( alpha1 blocker )

34
Q

List two vasodilators?

A

Hydralazine + minoxidil

35
Q

A Vasodilator associated with lupus erythematosis.

A

Hydralazine

36
Q

Used for sever hypertension, and works by opening K channels.

A

Minoxidil

37
Q

IV emergency treatment of hypertension.

A

Sodium Nitroprusside (also for resistant hypertension)

38
Q

List two possible combinations for the treatment of hypertension?

A
  • ACE inhibitors or ARBs + Ca channel blockers or Thiazides.

- Thiazides + B-blockers ( NOT in diabetics )

39
Q

Using ACE inhibitors + K sparing diuretics can cause.

A

Hyperkalemia (arrhythmia)

40
Q

Using Verapamil + B-blockers can cause.

A

Heart failure

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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