Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Flashcards
Chemical agents that are used to treat disease
- Destroy pathogenic microbes or inhibit their growth within host
- Most are antibiotics
Chemotherapeutic Agents
-Microbial products or their derivatives that kill susceptible microbes or inhibit their growth
Antibiotics
What are the 3 classes of Chemotherapeutics?
- Synthetic Drug
- Antibiotic
- Semisynthetic Drug
Antimicrobial drug synthesized in lab
- Not natural
- Antifungal, antiprotozoal, anti helminthes, antiviral drugs
Synthetic Drugs
A natural antimicrobial compound made by one organism which kills/inhibits microorganisms
Antibiotics
A natural antibiotic that is modified in a lab
Semisynthetic Drugs
What is the most effective antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agent?
Antibacterial Agents - because they target cells and different prokaryotes
The ability of a drug to kill or inhibit pathogen while damaging the host as little as possible
Selective Toxicity
The drug level required for clinical treatment
Therapeutic Dose
Drug level at which a drug becomes too toxic for a patient
Toxic Dose
Ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose
Therapeutic Index
Undesirable effects of drug on host cells
Side effects
Drugs that attack only a few different pathogens
Narrow Spectrum Drugs
Drugs that attack many different pathogens
Broad-Spectrum Drugs
What are the groups of Antibacterial Drugs (4)
- Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis
- Inhibitors of protein synthesis
- Metabolic Antagonists of key metabolic pathways
- Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
