Antimicrobial for rest path

Question 1

Quinolones

Answer 1

Inhibits DNA gyrase

Question 2

Rifampin

Answer 2

RNA polymerase

Question 3

50s inhibitors

Answer 3

Macrolides
Clindamycin
Linezolid
Chloramphenicol
Streptogramins

Question 4

30S inhibitor

Answer 4

Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides

Question 5

Beta lactams

Answer 5

Penicillins
Cephalosporin
Carbapenems
Monobactams

Question 6

Group A streptococcal Pharyngitis

Answer 6

Penicillin

Is the treatment of choice
Reduces rates of acute rheumatic fever

If a person is allergic to penicillin: Cephalosporin , Clindamycin and Macrolides (azithromycin) are the alternative.

Question 7

Treatment for sinusitis

Answer 7

Initial with Amoxicillin or Amoxicillin-clavulanate

Third generation oral cephalosporin (cefixime or cefpodoxime) with or without Clindamycin

For allergic penicillin: Levofloxacin or moxifloxacin

Metronidazole
Piperacillin/Tazobactam
Imipenem
Gentamicin
Tobramycin

Question 8

Acute otitis media

Answer 8

First line Therapy is Amoxicillin- Clavulanate

Alternatives:

Cefdinir
Cefpodoxime
Cefuroxime
Ceftriaxone
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin

Question 9

Community acquired pneumonia

Answer 9

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
cefpodoxime
Macroline
Doxycycline
Moxiflaxacin
Levofloxacin
In patients with penicillin allergy: respiratory Fluroquinilone and aztreonam

Vancomycin o Linezolid for MRSA

Question 10

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 10

Penicillin is not effective because no cell wall

Macrolides, doxycycline or fluoroquinolone

Question 11

Chlamydia Pneumoniae

Answer 11

Azithromycin
Add Ceftriaxone for possible gonorrhea

Question 12

Legionella

Answer 12

Macrolide or fluoroquinolone

Question 13

Chlamydia psittacosaurus

Answer 13

Tetracyclines

Question 14

Tetracyclines “cycline”

Answer 14

Prevents protein synthesis by Inhibiting 30S

Adverse effect: Deposition in bone and teeth

Question 15

Macrolides “tromycin”

Answer 15

Prevents protein synthesis by inhibiting 50S

Cytochrome P450 inhibitor
Causes hepatotoxicity
QTc prolongation

Question 16

Fluoroquinolones “floxacin”

Answer 16

Inhibit DNA replication by binding to DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV

Neurototoxicity, tendonitis and phototoxicity

Question 17

For fungal pneumonia

Answer 17

Fluconazole
Itraconazole

Question 18

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 18

TMP- SMX
Pentamidine
Dapsone
Atovaquone

Question 19

Nocardia

Answer 19

weak acid fast

Sulfonamides

Question 20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ++

Answer 20

CAMPFIRE

Carbapenems
Aminoglycosides
Monobactam
Polymyxins
Fluoroquinolones
thIRd and fourth generation cephalosporin
Extended spectrum of penincilins

Question 21

Klebsiella

Answer 21

Tetracyclines - Doxycycline

Macrolides - Azithromycin

Question 22

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 22

Macrolides

Question 23

Lanosterol synthesis inhibitors

Answer 23

Terbinafine

Question 24

Ergosterol synthesis inhibitor

Answer 24

Azoles - Inhibits the 14 alpha demethylase which is key for ergosterol synthesis

Ketoconazole- gynecomastia
Fluconazole
….

Question 25

Fungal cell wall synthesis inhibitor

Answer 25

Echinocandins inhibits the beta-glucan synthesis of the cell wall Anidulafungin Caspofungin Micafungin Causes flushing by histamine

Question 26

Drugs disrupt cell membrane integrity

Answer 26

Binds to ergosterol in the membrane and makes pores for the content to leak Amphotericin B - Renal toxicity, anemia Nystatin

Question 27

Oseltamivir and Zanamivir

Answer 27

Inhibit the vital neuraminidase Oseltamivir is oral Zanamivir is inhalation. Can cause bronchospasm

Question 28

Amantadine and Rimantadine

Answer 28

Block M2 proton ion channel inhibits uncaring of the viral RNA which in infected host cell ONLY FOR INFLUENZA A Central nervous system adverse effects

Question 29

Remdesivir

Answer 29

Antiviral drug that inhibits Viral RNA polymerase. Reduces recovery time in the hospitalized COVID patients.