Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology/toxicology Midterm II > Antimicrobials Ch. 30 > Flashcards

Antimicrobials Ch. 30 Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Prophylactic AB indications

A
  1. prevent Rheumatic heart disease against strep infection
  2. Prevent subacute bacterial endocarditis in pt with prosthetic valve
  3. prevent TB post contact
  4. prior to surgery
  5. Prevent fetal HIV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AB complication

A
  1. allergy
  2. toxicity-cell damage
  3. superinfection-kill norma flora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bacteriocidal=

A

cell lysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

penicillin is

A

bacteriocidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Penicillin acts on what type of bacteria

A

extended specturm: Gram + and some gram -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ampicillin uses

A

Gram+ listeria
Gram- E.coli,salmonella
Gram-influenzae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indication for anti-pseudomonal

A

Gram- E coli, proteus, pseudomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Penicillin side effects

A
  1. allergy-5% anaphylaxtic
  2. diarrhea
  3. nephritis
  4. seizure
  5. bleeding
  6. Na toxicity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cephalosporin action

A

B-lactam antibiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cephalosporin indication

A

Listeria, c. diff, and other Gram +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cephalosporin side effects

A

allergy(if allergic to penicilli, don’t take cephalosporin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

vancomycin is a cell wall

A

inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

vancomycin action

A

inhibit cell wall phospholipids and protepglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vancomycin indication

A

gram+ MRSA and enterococcus faecalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vancomycin side effects

A
  1. fever
  2. chills
  3. flushing
  4. phlebitis
  5. shock (histamine release)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tetracycline is a synthesis

A

inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

tetracycline action

A

inhibit protein synthesis

bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tetracycline indication

A

broad spectrum for gram+ and - with others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

tetracycline side effects

A
  1. gastric stress(take with food)
  2. teeth malcolor
  3. liver failure with prego
  4. phototoxicity-sunburn
  5. vertigo-endolymh accum
  6. superinfection-candida overgrowth
  7. pseudotumor cerebri-benign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

aminoglycosides action

A

bacteriocidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

aminoglycosides include what AB

A

gentamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin

Mycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aminoglycosides indication

A

aerobic gram- bacilli
ex. pseudomonas aeruginosa
and gram+ cocci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

aminoglycosides side effects

A
  1. ototoxicity-accum of end and perilymph in fetus causing damage and deafness
  2. nephrotoxicity-tubular necrosis
  3. paralysis-decr ACh at NMJ
  4. Skin rash-contact dermatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do you give pt on aminoglycosides that has rxn involving paralysis?

Study These Flashcards
A

calcium gluconate or neostigmine

25
examples of macrolides
erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
26
action of macrolides
bacteriostatic
27
uses for macrolides
STD
28
macrolide side effects
1. epigastric distress-take with food 2. jaundice 3. ototoxicity-high doses
29
macrosides contraindication
liver dysfunction, heart problems, myasthenia gravis
30
chloramephanical action
bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
31
chloramephanicol indication
broad spectrum, both gram +&- | not good for pseudomonas, good for rickettsia
32
chloramephanicol side effects
1. GI distress and candida overgrowth 2. reversible hemolytic anemia 3. gray baby syndrome-damage mitochondria of newborn
33
Clindamycin action
same as erythromycin
34
clindamycin indication
primary against anaerobic bacteria like C. Diff
35
Clindamycin side effects
super infection of c. diff like pseudomembranous colitis
36
Quinolones action
inhibit bacterial DNA
37
indication of Cipro
pneumococci, e. coli, anthrax, pseudomonas in cystic fibrosis
38
side effects of quinolones
1. GIT-nausea, vomiting, diarrhea 2. CNS- headache, dizziness 3. phototoxicity-severe sunburn 4. connective tissue erosion
39
Antifungal action
binds ergosterol in cell membrane of fungus causing cell death
40
Amphotercin B indication (subcutaneous and systemic infection)
candida histoplasma cryptococcus aspergillus
41
amphotercin side effects | subcutaneous and systemic infection
``` allergy GI disturbance Gynecomastia decr libido irregular menstuation hepatic dysfunction ```
42
Ketoconazole indication | subcutaneous and systemic infection
histoplasma, candida, coccidioides
43
Ketoconazole side effects | subcutaneous and systemic infection
1. allergy 2. GI disturbance 3. gynecomastia 4. decr libido 5. irregular menstruation 6. hepatic dysfunction
44
Fluconazole indication
meningitis (cryptococcus) and candida
45
Fluconazole side effects
less than ketoconazole 1. nausea 2. vomiting 3. rash 4. teratogenic (avoid preg)
46
itraconazole indication
broad antifungal
47
itraconazole side effects
``` nausea vomiting rash edema hypokalemia ```
48
posaconazole indication
broad antifungal
49
posaconazole side effects
GI (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) | incr liver enzymes
50
tx of cutaneous fungal infection
dear synthesis of ergosterol in cell membrane
51
terbinafine (lamisil) indication
dermatophytes and candida
52
terbinafine (lamisil) side effects
``` diarrhea dyspepsia nausea headache rash incr liver enzymes ```
53
Griseofulvin indications | Cutaneous fungal infection
dermatophytes of the nails (fungitastic)(6-12mo tx)
54
Griseofulvin side effects | Cutaneous fungal infection
duration induces metabolism of other drugs no alcohol during(toxic)
55
nystatin indication | Cutaneous fungal infection
topical use for candida
56
nystatin side effects | Cutaneous fungal infection
lack GI absorption
57
Miconazole indication (Cutaneous fungal infection)
topical antifungal (dermatitis, edema,)
58
Miconazole side effects (Cutaneous fungal infection)
decr anti coagulant drugs causing bleeding

Pharmacology/toxicology Midterm II (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions