Ch 19, 22

Question 1

Diuretic effects

Answer 1

Increase urine flow by Incr Na and Cl excretion, loss of water and decr extracellular fluid

Question 2

DIuretic uses

Answer 2

CHF, hepatic ascites, nephrotic syndrome. premenstrual edema

Question 3

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor:

Acetazolamide(Diamox) mechanism

Answer 3

inhibits carbonic anhydrase enzyme on the prox. tubule epithelium

Question 4

Acetazolamide reduces the ________ reabsorption and inhibits excretion of H

Answer 4

HCO3-

Question 5

Acetazolamide(Diamox) uses

Answer 5

glaucoma, epilepsy, mountain sickness

Question 6

Acetazolamide(Diamox) side effects

Answer 6

1. Metabolic acidosis (loss of HCO3)
2. hypokalemia
3. renal stone formation
4. drowsiness

Question 7

Loop of henle diuretic

Answer 7

Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 8

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor

Answer 8

Acetazolamide

Question 9

Furosemide (Lasix) mechanism

Answer 9

inhibits Na/K/Cl cotransport in lumen within the ascending limb of loop of henle decreasing absorption of Na, K, Cl
**Loop diuretics incr. Ca content in urine

Question 10

Lasix is used for

Answer 10

emergency situaations such as acute pulmonary edema due to CHF or hypercalcemia

Question 11

Lasix side effects

Answer 11

1. ototoxicity
2. Hyperuricemia(aggravates gout)
3. Acute hypovolemia due to decr blood volume leading o arrhythmias
4. hypokalemia

Question 12

Thiazide diuretic

Answer 12

hydrochlorothiazide (esidrix)

Question 13

Esidrix mechanism

Answer 13

act on distal tubules:

• Incr Na, K, Cl excretion
• Incr Ca reabsorption
• Hypovolemia

Question 14

Esidrix uses

Answer 14

1. hypertension
2. CHF
3. edema w/ nephrotic syndrome

Question 15

Esidrix side effects

Answer 15

1. hypokalemia
2. hyperuricemia (gout)
3. Orthostatic hypotension
4. hypercalcemia
5. allergies(dermatitis)

Question 16

Potassium sparing diuretic

Answer 16

Spiromolactone (aldactone)

Question 17

Aldalactone mechanism

Answer 17

Synthetic aldosterone antagonist inhibiting K secretion and Na reabsorption from distal end and collecting tubules

Question 18

Aldactone uses

Answer 18

as diuretic and often combined with thiazide (esidrix) or loop diuretic (Lasix)

Question 19

Aldactone side effects

Answer 19

1. Causes gynecomastia in males and menstrual irregularity in females
2. hyperkalemia, nausea, lethargy, etc

Question 20

Ca inhibitor Diuretic

Answer 20

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

Question 21

Loop diuretic

Answer 21

Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 22

Thiazide diuretics

Answer 22

hydrochlorothiazide (esidrix)

Question 23

K sparing diuretics

Answer 23

spironolactone (aldactone)

Question 24

Beta blockers

Answer 24

propranolol (Inderal) or atenolol (Tenormin)

“olol”

Question 25

Action of beta blocker on urinary system

Answer 25

Reduce BP by decr C.O. and decr renin

Question 26

B-Blocker uses for urinary system

Answer 26

- Mild to mod hypertension | - Hypertensive pt's with hx of MI, angina pectoris, glaucoma, migraine

Question 27

B-blocker as diuretic side effects

Answer 27

1. fatigue, lethargy, hypotension, decr libido | 2. decr serum HDL and inc plasma triglycerides

Question 28

ACE inhibitors

Answer 28

Captopril (capoten) Enalapril (vasotec) Lisinopril (Zestril)

Question 29

ACE inhibitor mechanism

Answer 29

Decr peripheral vascular resistance due to blocking the ACE to form angiotensin II without incr C.O.